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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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monomer
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small unit that can join together with other small units to form polymers
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polymer
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large compound formed from combinations of many monomers
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carbohydrate
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compound made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms; major source of energy for the human body
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polysaccharide
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large macromolecule formed from monosaccharides
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lipid
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macromolecule made mainly from carbon and hydrogen atoms; includes fats, oils, and waxes
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nucleic acid
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macromolecule containing hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon and phosphorus
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nucleotide
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monomer of nucleic acids made up of a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base
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ribonucleic acid (RNA)
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single-stranded nucleic acid that contains the sugar ribose
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deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
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nucleic acid that contains the sugar deoxyribose
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protein
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macromolecule that contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen; needed by the body of growth and repair and to make up enzymes
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amino acid
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compound with an amino group (-NH2) on one end and a carboxyl group (-COOH) on the other end
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chemical reaction
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process that changes one set of chemicals into another set of chemicals
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reactant
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element or compound that enters into a chemical reaction
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product
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element or compound produced by a chemical reaction
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activation energy
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energy needed to get a reaction started
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catalyst
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substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction
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enzyme
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protein that acts as a biological catalyst
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substrate
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reactant of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction
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