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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Name the prefix for 2 carbons.
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Eth-
As in "Ethane" |
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Name the prefix for having 3 carbons.
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Prop-
As in "Propane" |
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Name the prefix for a compound that has 4 carbons.
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But-
As in "Butane" |
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Name the prefix for a compound that has 5 carbons.
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Pent-
As in "Pentane" |
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Name the prefix for a compound that has 6 carbons.
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Hex-
As in "Hexane" |
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Name the prefix for a compound that has 7 carbons.
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Hept-
As in "Heptane" |
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Name the prefix for a compound that has 8 carbons.
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Oct-
As in "Octane" |
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Name the prefix for a compound that has 9 carbons.
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Non-
As in "Nonane" |
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Name the prefix for a compound that has 10 carbons.
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Dec-
As in "Decane" |
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Name the prefix for a compound that has 11 carbons.
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Undec-
As in "Undecane" |
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Name the prefix for a compound that has 12 carbons.
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Dodec-
As in "Dodecane" |
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How do you name the (alkane) compound?
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1. Find the longest branch
2. Number the chain so you get the lowest # for substituents 3. Name the subs and # each one; Put the subs in alphabetical order NOTE: "iso"- = branching of equal size (of two CH3) "n-" = the compound is not branching "neo"- = compound ends in 3 CH3` "sec"- = secondary carbon "tert"- = tertiary carbon *In naming, cyclo-, neo-, iso- are part of the naming (not the sec-, n-, tert-,...) |
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What is the prefix for the ring structure (of an alkane)?
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cyclo-
As in "Cyclohexane" |
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What are alkenes?
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Alkenes are carbon-hydrogen compounds with at least one double bonds.
Suffix: -ene (instead of -ane) |
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What is the name of an alkene that is named a substituent?
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Vinyl
As in "Vinyl Chloride" p.435 |
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What does the suffix "-yne" signify?
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It means that the compound is an alkyne i.e. it has a triple bond.
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What is a haloalkane?
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An alkane with a halogen (Group VII - F, Cl, Br, I, At) attached to it.
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What is an alkyl halide?
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An alkyl halide is another term for a haloalkane.
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How do you name an alkyl halide?
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1. First Word: Name the carbon hydrogen part
2. Second Word: Name the halogen |
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What is an alcohol?
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A hydroxyl group.
-OH |
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What is a "diol"?
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A carbon-hydrogen molecule with two hydroxyls (-OH).
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What is a "diol"?
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A carbon-hydrogen molecule with two hydroxyls (-OH).
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What is a "glycol"?
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It is the same thing as a diol.
In other words: A carbon-hydrogen molecule with two hydroxyls (-OH). |
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What is vicinal?
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In a diol (two -OH), the hydroxyls are on adjacent carbons.
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What is geminal?
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In a diol (-OH), the hydroxyls are on the same carbon.
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What is a hydrate?
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"Hydrate" is another term for a geminal diols.
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What is an ether?
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An ether is:
R-O-R In other words, there is an oxygen in the middle of two carbon-hydrogen compounds. |
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How do you name an ether?
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Two ways::
Method 1: a. Alphabetize attachments, with each being its own word. b. "Ether" is the last word listed. c. If the ether is in a ring- Name the ring and the second word will be "oxide" Method 2: a. Position 1 is the carbon right next to the oxygen atom. b. Use the larger chain as the backbone and place it after -"oxy"- as the suffix c. Place the smaller chain as a prefix to -"oxy"- E.g. Methoxyethane |
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What is an epoxide?
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A three-membered ether ring.
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What is an oxirane?
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A three-membered ether ring.
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What is another term for the compound epoxide?
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Oxirane
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What is THF?
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tetrahydrofuran
5-membered ring with one member being the ether and the other members being the carbons; Looks like a pentane. |
