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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define Anatomy |
The study of body structures |
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How is Anatomy different from Physiology |
Physiology studies how body structures function, it is the study of what makes the lights go on and what makes the elevators go. |
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Gross Anatomy |
The study of body structures visible to the naked eye. |
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Microscopic Anatomy |
looking at the structure of the body based on what is under the microscope. Histology essentially. |
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Describe the heirarchical organization of the body |
atom | molecule | cell | tissue | organ | organ system | organism |
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Four types of tissue |
Epithelium | Connective | Muscle | Nervous |
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11 organ systems 1) integumentary system (skin) |
epidermal and dermal regions -protects deeper organs from mechanical, chemical, and bacterial injury and from drying out -excretes salts and urea -aids in regulation of body temp produces vitamin D |
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11 organ systems 2) Skeletal System |
Bones, cartilages, tendons, ligaments, and joints -supports the body and protects internal organs - provides levers for muscular action - cavities provide site for blood cell formation |
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11 organ systems 3) Muscular System |
muscles attached to the skeleton - Primary function is to contract or shorten (movement, grasping and manipulation, etc) - Generates heat |
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11 organ systems 4) Nervous System |
Brain, spinal cord, nerves, sensory receptors - allows body to detect changes in the internal and external environment and respond accordingly - helps maintain homeostasis of the body via rapid communication |
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11 organ systems 5) Endocrine System |
Pituitary, thymus, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, and pineal glands | ovaries, testes, and pancreas - helps maintain homeostasis - promotes growth and development |
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11 organ systems 6) Cardiovascular System |
Heart, Blood Vessels, and blood - transport system carrying oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, wastes, ions, hormones, and other substances to tissues where exchanges are made. |
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11 organ systems 7) Lymphatic System/Immune |
Lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, spleen, thymus, tonsils, scattered lymphoid tissues - picks up fluid leaked by blood vessels - cleanses blood of pathogens and other debris - houses lymphocytes that act via the immune response |
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11 organ systems 8) Respiratory System |
Nasal Passage, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs - keeps blood continuously supplied with oxygen while removing carbon dioxide - contributes to acid-base balance of the blood via carbonic acid/bicarbonate buffer system |
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11 organ systems 9) Digestive System |
Oral Cavity, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, pooper, sailvary glands, liver, pancreas - Breaks down ingested foods to minute particles which get absorbed into the blood |
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11 organ systems 10) Urinary System |
kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra - rids body of nitrogenous waste including urea, uric acid, and ammonia. These products come from the break down of proteins - Maintains water, electrolyte, and acid-base balance of blood |
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11 organ systems 11) Reproductive System (male) |
Testes, prostate, scrotum, penis - provides germ cells called sperm for producing offspring |
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11 organ systems 11) Reproductive system (female) |
ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, mammary glands, vagina - Provides germ cells called eggs | female uterus houses fetus till birth | mammary glands provide nutrition for the infant |
