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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Integumentary System
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The integumentary system is the skin. It protects internal tissues from injury, waterproofs the body, and helps regulate body temperature. This system also serves as a barrier to foreign substances.
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Skeletal System
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The skeletal system provides support and protection for the body and supplies a framework that muscle tissue uses to create movement. The skeletal system also serves as storage for minerals. It consists of bones, cartilage, ligaments, and joints.
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Muscular System
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Recall from the short discussion on muscle tissue that muscle only have only one purpose and that is to produce movement through contraction. The muscular system consists only of the skeletal muscles. The cardiac and smooth muscles are not included in this organ system.
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Nervous System
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The nervous system consists of the brain, spinal cord, nerves, and sensory receptors, and serves as the body's control system. Sensory receptors in the nervous system detect stimuli that can occur both within and outside the body. Once stimuli are detected, the nervous system activates the appropriate muscles or glands to respond. The nervous system is very fast acting since immediate response is necessary to protect the body from changes in the internal and the external environment.
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Endocrine System
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While the endocrine system also serves to control bodily functions, it works much more slowly than the nervous system. Glands in the endocrine system secrete hormones that travel through the blood to organs throughout the body. Glands such as the pineal, pituitary, thyroid, thymus, and adrenal regulate processes such as growth and metabolism. Also included in the endocrine system are the pancreas, testes, and ovaries.
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Cardiovascular System
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The cardiac consists of the heart, blood vessels, and blood. This system works as the travel system for many substances necessary for the body. Oxygen, hormones, and nutrients travel throughout the body in the blood.
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Lymphatic System
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The lymphatic system consists of lymphatic nodes and vessels, the spleen, and thoracic duct. Its purpose is to return fluid that has leaked from the cardiovascular system to the blood vessels. The system helps to cleanse the blood and houses the white blood cells that are involved in protecting the body from environmental factors. Thus, the work of lymphatic system is very closely tied to the work in the cardiovascular system.
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Respiratory System
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The respiratory system has two main jobs. It must keep all of the cells in he body supplied with oxygen and remove the carbon dioxide. The system consists of the nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs. The lungs house tiny air sacs called alveoli. It is through the walls of the alveoli that oxygen and carbon dioxide move in and out of blood vessels.
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Digestive System
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The Digestive system consists of all of the organs from the mouth to the anus involved in processing food. The organs along the the path include the esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines, and the rectum. The digestive system breaks down food so that the nutrients can can be easily passed to the blood for circulation throughout the body. Any food that is not digested and utilized for cells in the body is expelled through the anus. The breakdown of the food actually ends in the small intestine. After that, the digestive system tries to remove water from the excess. Two other organs included in the digestive system include the liver and the pancreas. The liver produces bile that helps break down fats, and the pancreas delivers enzymes to the small intestines.
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Urinary System
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The urinary or excretory system helps maintain the water and salt balances within the body, regulates the acid-base balance in the blood, and removes all nitrogen-containing wastes from the body. The nitrogen containing wastes are by-products of the breakdown of proteins and nucleic acids.
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Reproductive System
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the main purpose of the reproductive system is to produce offspring. This system is specialized in men to produce sperm, and in women to produce eggs or (ova). The reproductive organs also house certain hormones that encourage, suppress activities within the body (aggression, masculine, feminine skeletal form)
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