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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Systems Approach Metaphor
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The organization as a system or organism
-Biology as a source of ideas -Not self-contained -Need to interact with environment for survival |
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Systems Approach Metaphor
1.Molecules 2.Cells 3.Complex Organisms 4.Species 5.Ecology |
1.Individuals
2.Groups 3.Organizations 4.Populations 5.Social ecology |
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Systems Components
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1) Hierarchical ordering
2) Interdependence 3) Permeability |
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Hierarchical Ordering
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-Ordered in a hierarchy, supra system, and then system, and sub systems, and sub sub systems
-This hierarchy is about systems, not management -Ex: College athletics: NCAA, Division I, Conference (Big 12) Schools (UT), Sports (Footbal) -A system is made up of different smaller systems |
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Interdependence
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-Different components rely on other components and work together (UT depends on the Texas legislature)
-The functioning of one component of a system relies on other components of the system -ex: The brain needs a constant supply of blood in order to function (so it needs the heart to pump it there) |
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Permeability
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-Allow information to flow in and out
-components within the org, react to things outside of the organization -Systems theory stresses OPEN systems |
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I-T-O
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I- systems inputs materials(ex raw materials)
T-they work on them (using those raw materials, to sew them) P-they put them back out (they sell them) |
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Exchange Process
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-One of two processes that characterize ITO
-Has to do with the level of permeability, if the org is more open, then there is more exchange of information |
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Feedback Process
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-information that helps to facilitate the interdependent functioning system components
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2 Types of Feedback
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1) Negative, corrective, or deviation-reducing (feedback that corrects a situation)
2) Positive, growth, or deviation (feedback that creates change for the better of the org) |
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System Properties
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-Holism
-Equifinality -Negative Entropy -Requisite Variety |
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Holism
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a system is more than the sum of its parts (ex: 5 athletes can do more together than they could alone)
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Equifinality
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variety of ways to reach a goal, different beginnings for the same outcomes (if you didn’t start your degree here, you can still get your degree here)
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Negative Entropy
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Open systems can avoid Entropy. Negative Entropy is good? Entropy the tendencies for closed systems to run down (“everything getting fucked up”- AT)
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Requisite Variety
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, problems need to match the solutions (in levels of complexity. Ex: StuGOV race)
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