Orchestra

Front 1

Pianississimo

Back 1

Very, very soft

Front 2

Pianissimo

Back 2

Very soft

Front 3

Piano

Back 3

Soft

Front 4

Mezzo piano

Back 4

Medium soft

Front 5

Mezzo forte

Back 5

Medium loud

Front 6

Forte

Back 6

Loud

Front 7

Fortissimo

Back 7

Very loud

Front 8

Fortississimo

Back 8

Very, very loud

Front 9

Subito

Back 9

Suddenly

Front 10

Crescendo

Back 10

Gradually get louder

Front 11

Decrescendo

Back 11

Gradually get softer

Front 12

Diminuendo

Back 12

Gradually get softer

Front 13

Flat

Back 13

Lower note by a half step

Front 14

Double flat

Back 14

Lowers the note by a whole step

Front 15

Sharp

Back 15

Raise the note by a half step

Front 16

Double sharp

Back 16

Raise the note by a whole step

Front 17

Natural

Back 17

A note neither sharp or flat

Front 18

Dynamics

Back 18

Volume of sound

Front 19

Accent

Back 19

Emphasize a note

Front 20

Marcato

Back 20

Accented, stressed

Front 21

Sforzando

Back 21

A sudden strong accent

Front 22

Staccatissimo

Back 22

Play the note as short as possible

Front 23

Staccato

Back 23

Play the note short

Front 24

Mezzo staccato

Back 24

Play the note medium short

Front 25

Tenuto

Back 25

Hold the note it's full value,slight separation

Front 26

Detache

Back 26

Slightly detached

Front 27

Legato

Back 27

To play smoothly

Front 28

Breath mark

Back 28

Slight pause

Front 29

Caesura

Back 29

A break in the music

Front 30

Grand pause

Back 30

A rest for all performers

Front 31

Tacet

Back 31

A performer does not play for a section of the music

Front 32

Fermata

Back 32

Hold the note longer than its normal duration

Front 33

Da capo

Back 33

Go back to the cap

Front 34

Dal segno

Back 34

Go back and play from the sign

Front 35

Fine

Back 35

Finish

Front 36

Coda

Back 36

Ending to a piece

Front 37

Ritardando

Back 37

Become gradually slower

Front 38

Allargando

Back 38

Become slower and broader

Front 39

Accelerando

Back 39

Tempo gradually gets faster

Front 40

Down bow

Back 40

Frog to tip

Front 41

Up bow

Back 41

Tip to frog

Front 42

Pizzicato

Back 42

To pluck the string

Front 43

Arco

Back 43

To play with the bow

Front 44

Con sordino

Back 44

Play with mute

Front 45

Senza sordino

Back 45

Take the mute off

Front 46

Spiccato

Back 46

Bounce bow off the string

Front 47

Col Legno

Back 47

Play with wood part of the bow

Front 48

Sul ponticello

Back 48

Play on or near the bridge

Front 49

Sul tasto

Back 49

Play on the fingerboard

Front 50

Tie

Back 50

Connection of 2 or more of the same notes in 1 bow

Front 51

Slur

Back 51

Connection of 2 or more different notes in 1 bow

Front 52

Staff

Back 52

5 lines, 4 spaces where notes are written

Front 53

Ledger lines

Back 53

Short horizontal lines used to extend a staff higher or lower

Front 54

Double bar

Back 54

2 vertical lines drawn through the staff indicating a end of a section movement or piece

Front 55

Tone

Back 55

Quality of sound

Front 56

Intonation

Back 56

Playing in tune

Front 57

Enharmonic

Back 57

2 notes that sound the same but have 2 different names

Front 58

Interval

Back 58

Distance in pitch between 2 notes

Front 59

Beat

Back 59

Basic pulse underlying the music

Front 60

Tempo

Back 60

Speed of a section

Front 61

Key signature

Back 61

Flats sharps or nothing underlying the music

Front 62

Time signature

Back 62

Indicates the meter of music

Top- # of beats in a measure

Bottom- what kind of note gets the beat

Front 63

Largo

Back 63

Slow

Front 64

Adagio

Back 64

Leisurely, slow tempo

Front 65

Andante

Back 65

Medium tempo

Front 66

Allegro

Back 66

Fast tempo

Front 67

Vivace

Back 67

Lively tempo

Front 68

Presto

Back 68

Very fast tempo

Front 69

Cantabile

Back 69

In a singing or song like style

Front 70

Maestoso

Back 70

Majestic