Orbital Blood Supply

Front 1

supplies the strucutres within the cranium including the eye and related structures

Back 1

internal carotid

Front 2

supplies the superficial areas of the head and neck and provides a small portion of the circulation to the ocular adnexa.

Back 2

external carotid

Front 3

Where is the carotid canal located?

Back 3

petrous portion of the temporal bone

Front 4

The internal carotid canal is surrounded by a plexus of _____ _____ from the ____ ____ _____.

Back 4

sympathetic nerves, superior cervical ganglion

Front 5

what cranial nerves accompany the internal carotid artery as it leaves the cavernous sinus

Back 5

2nd and 3rd

Front 6

what nerves lie medial and lateral to the internal carotid artery

Back 6

optic nerve--medial, oculomotor nerve--lateral

Front 7

the ophthalmic artery continues anterior through the orbit until it divides into its terminal branches the _____ and _______ arteries.

Back 7

supratrochlear and dorsonasal

Front 8

nine branches of the ophthalmic artery?

Back 8

central retinal artery, lacrimal artery, ciliary arteries, ethmoid arteries, supraorbital artery, muscular arteries, medical palpebral ateries (superior and inferior), supratrochlear artery, dorosnasal artery

Front 9

collateral branches supply blood to the optic nerve and pia.

Back 9

central retinal artery

Front 10

one of the larger branches and is 2nd off the ophthalmic artery: supplies several structures including the lacrimal gland, sometimes the lateral rectus muscle.

Back 10

Lacrimal Artery

Front 11

___ ____ artery may branch and course backwards, departing via the superior orbital fissure and anastomose with the middle meningeal artery which branched from the external carotid.

Back 11

recurrent meningeal

Front 12

branches from the short posterior ciliary arteries that form a ring which encircles the optic nerve.

Back 12

circle of Zinn (Zinn-Haller)

Front 13

The long branches of the posterior ciliary arteries enter the sclera and anastomose with each other and with the anterior ciliary arteries to form?

Back 13

major arterial ciricle of the iris

Front 14

Before forming the major arterial circles of the iris branches fromt eh long posterior arteries supply the ______ and _______.

Back 14

ciliary body and choroid

Front 15

The posterior ethmoid artery sends supply to the _______, ______, and the ______.

Back 15

posterior ethmoid sinus, sphenoid sinus, and supper part of the nasal cavity.

Front 16

The anterior ethmoid artery supplies the ____ and _____, _____, ______, _____ and _____ of the nose.

Back 16

anterior and middle ethmoid sinuses, sphenoid sinus, frontal sinus, nasal cavity, and skin of the nose

Front 17

While in teh orbit the suprorbital sends branches to the _____ ______, _____ _____, ____ ____ and the ______

Back 17

superior rectus, superior oblique, levator muscles, and the periorbita

Front 18

The anterior ciliary arteries branch from the vessels supplying the _____ _____.

Back 18

rectus muscle

Front 19

What arteries send branches to the bulbar conjuctiva, limal conjuctiva and major arterial circle of the iris?

Back 19

anterior ciliary arteries

Front 20

Usually there are _____ anterior ciliary arteries with each rectus muscle except for the laterial rectus muscle which has ____.

Back 20

2, 1

Front 21

conjuctivitis

Back 21

superficial blood vessels are injected, with bright red often incrasing toward the fornix. an be blanched with a topical vasoconstrictor

Front 22

uveitis

Back 22

deeper scleral and episcleral vessels are injected giving a purplish or rose-pink color. These vessles do not move with the conjuctiva and are not blanched with a topical vasoconstrictor.

Front 23

The palpebral arteries run medial-lateral and anastomose with the ______ artery and form the ______ _____.

Back 23

lacrimal artery, papebral arcades

Front 24

2 arcades occur in each lid the _____ and ______

Back 24

marginal arcade, peripheral arcade

Front 25

supplies blood to the skin of the forehead and scalp

Back 25

supratrochlear artery

Front 26

supplies the lacrimal sac

Back 26

dorsonasal artery

Front 27

artery that branches off the external carotid near the angle of the mandible and runs along the lower jaw

Back 27

facial artery

Front 28

the supratrochlear artery anastomoses with what three other arteries?

Back 28

supraorbital artery, the other supratrochlear, and the anterior temporal artery

Front 29

what artery is the final branch off the ophthalmic arter and pierces the orbital septum just below the trochlea?

Back 29

dorsonasal artery

Front 30

what artery branches off the facial artery and heads toward teh medial canthus? it supplies the lacrimal sac, medial part of the lower lid, and some of the cheek.

Back 30

angular artery

Front 31

3 arteries that branch off the temporal artery?

Back 31

anterior temporal, zygomatic, transverse facial

Front 32

artery that supplies the skin and muscles of teh forehead. anastomoses with the supraorbital and supratrochlear

Back 32

anterior temporal artery

Front 33

condition accompanied by swelling, redness, and tenderness in teh temporal area. ocular symptoms including vision loss may occur.

Back 33

temporal arteritis

Front 34

supplies the lower eyelid and the lacrimal sac. while in the orbit it supplies teh inferior rectus and inferior oblique muscles.

Back 34

infraorbital artery

Front 35

2 veins of the orbit

Back 35

superior and inferior ophthalmic veins

Front 36

where do the veins of the orbit primarily drain?

Back 36

cavernous sinus

Front 37

what two veins join to form teh superior ophthalmic vein?

Back 37

angular and supraorbital veins

Front 38

6 veins that drain into teh superior ophthalmic vein

Back 38

anterior ethmoid vein, posterior ethmoid vein, muscular vein of the superior and medial msucles, lacrimal vein, the central vein, upper vortex vein

Front 39

______is edema of teh optic nerve head and usually results in a blurred disc margin and somtimes hemorrhages. it is caused by _____ because if a _______,

Back 39

papilledema, increase in intercranial pressure, vein not properly draining

Front 40

what veins drain the choroid?

Back 40

vortex veins

Front 41

4 structures the inferior ophthalmic vein drains

Back 41

the lower and lateral muscles, inferior conjunctiva, lacrimal sac, lower vortex veins

Front 42

name the 2 possible exits for teh inferior ophthalmic vein

Back 42

1. merge with the superior ophthalmic vein, depart teh orbit via the superior orbital fissure an ddrain into the cavernous sinus 2. exit via the inferior orbital fissure and rain into the pterygoid venous plexus

Front 43

where does the infraorbital vein drain?

Back 43

Pterygoid venous plexus

Front 44

a large complex of thin-walled veins centered upon the sphenoid bone

Back 44

cavernous sinus

Front 45

where does the cavernous sinus extend to?

Back 45

medial end of the superior orbital fissure to the petrous portion of the temporal bone

Front 46

what nerve and artery are located medially within the cavernous sinus?

Back 46

internal carotid artery and abducens nerves (CN VI)

Front 47

what three nerves are located along the lateral wall of the cavernous sinus?

Back 47

oculomotor, ophthalmic and maxillary nerves

Front 48

The cavernous sinus drains into the ______ and ______ _____ _____. Which in turn drain into the ______ ______ _____.

Back 48

superior and inferior petrosal sinuses, which in turn drain into the internal jugular vein

Front 49

an abnormal communication between the internal or external carotid artery and the cavernous sinus. can be traumatic or spontaneous

Back 49

carotid-cavernous sinus fistula

Front 50

the medial lymphatic of the lids and canthal structures drain into the _______ lymph nodes

Back 50

submandibular

Front 51

the lateral lymphatics of the lateral eyelids and lacrimal gland drain in the ______ lymph nodes

Back 51

parotoid