Orbit Hankin Anatomy Block Ii Unit Iii

Front 1

Walls of the orbit

Back 1

Roof:
Frontal and lesser wing of sphenoid

Floor
Maxilla, zygomatic and palatine

Medial
ethmoid, frontal, lacrimal, sphenoid

Lateral
Zygomatic, greater wing of sphenoid

Front 2

Lacrimal caruncle

Back 2

Fleshy, yellowish mass in medial canthus that contains modified sweat and oil (sebaceous) glands

Front 3

Iris

Back 3

Circular pigmented muscular structure that regulates the amount of light entering the eye

Front 4

What muscles do most orbital blowout fractures involve?

Back 4

Inferior oblique or rectus muscles

Front 5

Optic canal contents

Back 5

Optic nerve and opthalmic artery run through

In lesser wing of sphenoid bone

Front 6

Superior orbital fissure

Back 6

CN III, IV, V1, VI (Occulomotor, Trochlear, Opthalmic division of Trigeminal, Abducens)
Opthalmic veins
Common tendinous ring

Front 7

Inferior orbital fissure

Back 7

Infraorbital nerve (CN V2 branch), infraorbital artery and vein

Front 8

Inside common tendinous ring

Back 8

CN II, CN III, CN VI (Optic, Occulomotor, Abducens)
Opthalmic artery (travels with optic nerve)
Nasociliary nerve (CN V1)

Front 9

Outside common tentinous ring

Back 9

Frontal and lacrimal nerves (CN V1)
CN IV (Trochlear)
Opthalmic veins

Front 10

Makeup of orbital septum.

Back 10

Fascia of tarsal plates, continuous with periorbita

Front 11

Origin of inferior tarsal muscle

Back 11

Originates from inferior rectus muscle

Front 12

Superior tarsal muscle
O
I
A

Back 12

O: Levator palpebrae superioris
I: Superior tarsus
A: Assists in elevation of upper lid

Front 13

Tarsal gland purpose

Back 13

Modified sebaceous gland
- Lipid secretion (sebum)
- Lubricates edges of eyelids and prevents them from sticking togehter
- Forms a barrier to lacrimal fluid (tears)
- Increases tear viscosity and decreases evaporation from eyeball surface

Front 14

Ciliary glands

Back 14

Sebaceous gland of Zeis
Apocrine sweat gland of Moll

Front 15

Insertion of Levator palpebrae superioris

Back 15

Inserts into skin of upper lid

Front 16

Name of lining of inner eyelid?

Back 16

Papebral conjuctiva

Front 17

name of lining of inner eye?

Back 17

Bulbar conjunctiva

Front 18

Extension of bulbar conjuctiva

Back 18

From fornices to corneoscleral junction

Front 19

Fornix superior and inferior

Back 19

Reflections of palebral and bulbar conjunctiva, represent at potential space

Front 20

Sensory Innervation of conjuctiva

Back 20

Upper Palpebral from V1, Lower from V2

Bulbar from V1

Front 21

palpebral ligament function

Back 21

hold the tarsus in place, attach to wall of orbit

Front 22

Tenon's capsule

Back 22

Thin fascia that envelopes eye just over dural part of optic nerve
Extends from the optic nerve to the corneoscleral junction
Perforated by tendons of extraoccular muscles
Continuous with deep fascia of EOM

Front 23

Medial and lateral check ligaments

Back 23

Expansions of fascial sheaths of the horizontal recti. They limit movement of these muscles by attaching to the bony orbit.

Front 24

Suspensory ligament (lockwood) of the eye

Back 24

Fascial sheaths of the inferior oblique and inferior rectus muscles. Continuous with Tenon's capsule and attach to check ligaments forming a fascial hammock below the eye

Front 25

Flow of tears

Back 25

Lacrimal gland
Excretory ducts in superior conjucteval fornix
Bulbar conjunctiva and over cornea
Lacrimal lake (medial canthus)
Lacrimal puncta in medial edges of eyelids
Lacrimal canaliculi
Lacrimal sac
Naso lacrimal duct
Inferior nasal meatus (nasal cavity)

Front 26

Describe the innervation of the lacrimal gland

Back 26

Sympathetic (to vasculature of gland)
From SCG along internal carotid artery, into deep petrosal nerve (post ganglionic) through nerve of pterygoid canal, through pterygopalatine ganglion (no synapse), along maxillary nerve, along branch of zygomatico temporal nerve, along lacrimal nerve, to gland

Parasympathetic (secretomotor)
From CN7 (preganglionic) along greter petrosal nerve through nerve of pterygoid canal, into pterygopalatine ganglia, synapse here, up along maxillary nerve, along zygomaticotemporal nerve, along lacrimal gland to lacrimal gland.

Sensory (to capsule of gland, upper eyelid and bulbar and upper palpebral conjunctiva)
From lacrimal nerve from Trigeminal opthalmic division

Front 27

Innervation of Extrinsic (Extraoccular) Eye muscles

Back 27

LR6 SO4 AO3

Front 28

Origin of extrinsic eye muscles

Insertion of extrinsic eye muscles

Back 28

All rectus = Common tendinous ring (anulus of Zinn)

SO = Sphenoid bone (posterior roof of orbit)

IO = Maxilla (anterior floor of orbit)

All insert into sclera of eye

Front 29

Order of spiral of Tillaux

Back 29

Four rectus muscles
Medial, inferior, lateral, superior

Front 30

Angle between rectus muscles and direction of gaze to infinity

Back 30

23 degrees

Front 31

Action of eye and muscles involved

Back 31

ADduction
Medial rectus, superior rectus, inferior rectus

ABduction
Inferior oblique
Superior oblique
Lateral rectus

Elevation
Inferior oblique
Superior rectus

Depression
Superior oblique
Inferior rectus

Medial rotators (Intorsion)
Superior Rectus
Superior Oblique

Lateral rotators (Extorsion)
Inferior Rectus
Inferior Oblique

Front 32

Divisions of occulomotor nerv

Back 32

Superior branch
Levator palpebrae superioris
Superior rectus

Inferior branch
Inferior rectus
Medial rectus
Ciliary ganglion
Inferior oblique

Front 33

Divisions of Opthamic nerve (V1)

Back 33

Lacrimal- sensory to capsule of lacrimal gland

Frontal- Supraorbital and supratrochlear

Nasociliary (crosses CN 2 in orbit)
- Ethmoidal (A) -> supplies nasal cavity, ends as external nasal nerve
(P) -> supplies sphenoidal sinus
-Infratrochlear
-Long ciliary nerves (to eye)
-Nasociliary (sensory) root of ciliary ganglion

Front 34

Nasociliary nerve actions

Back 34

Sensory (nasociliary) root to ciliary ganglion: sensory to eyeball (fibers pass through ganglion and via short ciliary nerves to eye)
Sensory fibers via long ciliary nerves: to eyeball
Sympathetic (postganglionic) fibers: pupillary dialator

Front 35

Branches of opthalmic artery

Back 35

Ethmiodal arteries (anterior and posterior)
Supratrochlear artery
Supraorbital artery
Lacrimal artery (gives rise to anterior ciliary, zygomaticofacial, zygomatico temporal artery and connects to middle meningeal artery)
Posterior ciliary artery
Central retinal artery (ONLY blood supply to internal retina)

Front 36

Origin of infratrochlear nerve

Back 36

branch of nasociliary nerve V1

Front 37

Dorsal nasal artery

Back 37

runs with infratrochlear nerve, terminal branch of opthalmic artery, anastamoses with facial artery.

Front 38

Origin of infraorbital nerve and artery

Back 38

Branch of maxillary nerve (V2), branch of maxillary artery anastomoses with facial artery

Front 39

Veins draining the eye

Back 39

Superior and inferior opthalmic veins (how stuff gets into the brain as they anastamose with pterygoid plexus)

Front 40

Nerves affected by ICA aneurysm

Back 40

CN VI (LR muscle)
CN III, IV, V1, V2

Front 41

Definition of horner's syndrome

Back 41

interruption of sympathetic innervation to head and neck

Front 42

Clinical signs of horners syndrome and reason for them

Back 42

Ptosis- drooping of eyelids
(paralysis of tarsal mm, esp. superior tarsal muslce)

Pupillary constriction
(paralysis of pupillary dialator muscle)

Enophthalmos - sinking of eye into orbit
(paralysis of orbitalis muscle in floor of orbit over inferior orbital fissure)

Vasodilatation and anhydrosis-lack of sweating on face and neck

Heterochromia- two collored eyes (under sympathetic control in development)

Absence of horizontal eyelid fold or crease