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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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acute lymphoid hyperplasia
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Waldeyer's ring
soft, tender, movable |
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chronic lymphoid hyperplasia
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waldeyers ring
firm, non-tender, movable |
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hemophilia A
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factor VIII def.
abnormal PTT excessive bleeding |
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VWD
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MC inherited bleeding disorder
abnormal VWF abnorm platelets abnorm BT & PTT |
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Anemia
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clinical finding, not diagnosis
decreased volume of RBCs (hematocrit) pallor or mucous membranes |
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sickle cell anemia
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hypoxia, infection, hypothermia, dehydration
ischemia & extreme pain in long bones, abdomen & lungs MC* cause of death in afflicted children |
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major Thalassemia
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cooleys anemia or Mediterranean fever
2 defective genes "chipmunk" appearance, frontal bossing "hair-on-end" on top of head |
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alpha thalassemia
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Hydrops fetalis - all 4 alpha-globin genes affected
death w/in a few hours of birth |
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thalassemia
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reduced Hb synthesis
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aplastic anemia
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blood precursor cells do not produce enough of all blood cell lineages
anemia, WBC def., thrombocytopenia (bruising) gingival hemorrhage, hyperplasia, petechiae, eccymoses gingival ulcers |
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neutropenia
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<1,500 neutrophils
middle ear, perirectal, oral cavity, lungs if <500 necrotic where periodontal disease gingiva ulcers that lack erythematous periphery* |
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cyclic neutropenia
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21 days cycle
ulcerations on lips, tongue, BM, OROPHARYNX mostly gingiva most seriously affected perio bone loss 3 cycles of <500 |
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agranulocytosis
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due to drug exposure (chemotherapy)
ulcerations on BM, tongue, palate ANUG appearance |
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thrombocytopenia
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decreased platelets
reduced production - malig cells, cancer drugs increased destruction - SLE, HIV, heparin |
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mild - mod thrombocytopenia
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<100,000
petechiae, ecchymosis, hematoma spontaneous gingival hemorrhage |
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severe thrombocytopenia
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<10,000
GI or urinary tract massive bleeding epistaxis, Hemoptysis, intracranial hemorrhage |
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idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura
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childhood following viral infection, quick onset
resolves 4-6 wks |
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throbotic thrombocytopenia purpura
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non-immunologic destruction
cosumption of platelets assoc w/ blood clot formation |
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polycythemia vera
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RBCs mass increased
"Ruddy complexion" pruritis w/ no rash burning of hands & feet w/ redness & warmth epistaxis, ecchymoses; gingival hemorrhage |
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AML
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broad age range including children
40% 5 yr survival |
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CML
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Philadelphia chromosome
primarily 20s & 30s 55% 5 yr survival |
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ALL
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most common chilhood type leukemia
50-70% 5 yr survival |
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CLL
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most common overall leukemia (adults version)
inccurable |
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Leukemia
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deep, punched-out lesions w/ a gray-white necrotic base
gingival Chloroma - green color on fresh cut candidiasis |
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Myelophthisic anemia
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anemia seen in leukemia
crowding out of normal hematopoeitic stem cells |
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langerhan's cell disease
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50% < 10 yo, males
Skull, ribs, vertebrae & mandible 'tooth floating in air' - mimics severe periodontitis 'Birbeck' bodies in cytoplasm |
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chronic localized langerhans
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eosinophilic granuloma of bone
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chronic disseminated langerhans
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Hand-Schuller-Christian disease
Triad - bone lesions, exophthalmos, diabetes insipidus |
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acute disseminated langerhans
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Letterer-Siwe disease: infants, organomegaly, skin-rash; soft & hard tissue lesions
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Hodgkin's lymphoma
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"Reed-Sternberg" cells
E-B virus enlarged lymph nodes cervical/supraclavicular (70-75%) Axillary/mediastinal (10%) wt. loss, fever, night sweats, generalized pruritis Owl eye nuclei |
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non-hodgkins lymphoma
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nontender, buccal vestibule, gingiva, post hard palate
erythematous or purplish mandible paresthesia ragged RL inguinal initially arise in Lymph Node (LN) grow as solid mass originate from B-lymphocyte > t-lymph Viruses play a role: EBV (burkitts), HHV8, HTLV-1 |
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burkitts lymphoma
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"starry-sky" pattern
african (jaw) & american form (abdominal) tooth mobility, premature tooth loss, gingiva & alveolar enlargement |
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extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma (t-cell lymphoma, midline lethal granuloma)
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nasal signs initially: epistaxis, stuffy, pain sometimes
later: palatal swelling, oronasal fistula 2ndary infections, hemorrhage |
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multiple myeloma
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plasma cell origin malignancy
60 & 70 yo (rare <40) 2x in blacks bone pain (MC SS), petechiae of skin and oral renal failure: 'Bence-Jones' protein in urine monoclonal gammopathy periorbital skin waxy, plaque-like lesions tongue multinodular enlargement multiple 'punched out' RLs |
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plasmacytoma
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solitary form of multiple myeloma (bone or soft tissue)
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