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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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*squamous epithelium
benign exophytic pedunculated or sessile growth papillary projections central core of fibrous connective tissue **soft palate tx: excisions, no recurrance |
papilloma
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*premalignant lesions
white plaque like lesion that CANNOT be rubbed off cause should be identified and removed high risk: floor of mouth, ventrolateral tongue, lip microscopic: hyperkeratosis, epithelial hyperplasia 5-25% show dysplasia |
leukoplakia
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*premalignant lesion
smooth red patch/ granular red and velvety patch high risk: floor of mouth, tongue, soft palate 90% show dysplasia |
erythroplakia
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*premalignant lesions
frequently preceds squamous cell carcinoma abnormal change may revert to normal if stimulus is removed abnormal maturation of epithelial cells hyperplasia of basal cell layer enlarged pleomorphic nuclei abrnomarl keratinization increased # of mitotic figures |
epithelial dysplasia
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*premalignant lesion
abnormal cells have NOT invaded through the basement membrane tx: surgical excision and close long term follow up |
epithelial dysplasia
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*squamous epithelial
malignant most common in oral cavity presents as leukoplakia erythroplakia or speckled, or exophytic ulcerative mass infiltrates and destroys underlying bone high risk: floor of mouth, ventrolateral tongue, soft palate, tonsillar pillar, retromolar |
squamous cell carcinoma
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*squamous epithelium
tumor cells invade basement membrane into underlying CT sheets and nests of neoplastic cells keratin is variable hyperchromatic nuclei and numerous mitotic figures |
squamous cell carcinoma
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what are the TNM staging levels for stage 1, 2 and 3
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1: T1NOMO
2: T2N0M0 3: T3N0M0, N1 4: N2, N3, T4, M1 |
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T1? T2? T3? T4?
N0? N1? N2? N3? M0? M1? |
tumor size: 1) -=0-2, 2) 2-4, 3) >4, 4) tumor invades elsewhere
node: 0) no palpable nodes, 1) ipsilateral nodes, 2) bilateral nodes, 3) fixed palpable Metastatis 0)no, 1)yes |
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*squamous epithelium
slow growing exophytic tumor white surface older men *vestibule and buccal mucosa well differentiate epithelium in papillary projections keratin plugging broad based rete pegs that penetrate to CT basement membrane in tact doesnt metastisize, local damage |
verrucous carcinoma
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*squamous epithelium
malignant skin tumor excessive sun exposure non healing ulcer with rolled borders basal cells into underlying CT rarely metastasizes, locally invasive |
basal cell carcinoma
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*salivary gland
benign salivary gland tumor most common **parotid gland, palate slow growing, non ulcerated, painless older females encapsulated, epithelium and CT mixture, CT may contain cartilage and is derived from myoepithelial cells TX: excise, recurrence varies, possible malignant transformation |
pleomorphic adenoma
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*salivary gland tumors
benign, Female predilection **upper lip, buccal mucosa slow enlargling, non ulcearted, painless encapsulated, uniform epithelial cells NO CT-like COMPONENT tx: excise, no recurrence |
monomorphic adenoma
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*salivary gland tumor
malignant *parotid, palate, F>M slow growing, ulceration, pain is common microscopically: looks like swiss cheese cylinders of small darkl staining epithelial cells, few mitotic figures tx: excise, rucrrence common, metastastis to lungs |
adenoid cystic carcinoma
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*salivary tumor
malignant *parotid gland, palate children-->adults, F>M most common salivary tumor in kids mandibular premolar/molar region uni/multilocular radiolucency unencapsulated, infiltrating mucouse cells w squamous like epithelial cells tx: excision, low grade 92% 5yr survive; high- 50% 5 yr |
mucoepidermoid carcinoma
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*odontogenic tumor
benign, slow growing but locally agressive asymptomatic swelling of affected bone **mandibular molar/ramus radiolucent, impacted teeth resembles dentigerous cyst ameloblast-like epithelial cells, surround areas resembling stellate reticulum, arranged in islands or interconnecting strands tx: excise, recurrence common |
ameloblastoma
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benign
females, under 20yo, anterior maxilla, impacted tooh asymptomatic, local swelling well circumscribed radiolucent calcifications/radiopaque areas encapsulated, duct like structures, whorls and masses calcifications tx: enucleation, no recurrence |
adenomatoid odontogenic tumor
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benign, unencapsulated infiltrating
10-30yo mandible, multilocular radiolucent, porrly defined margins tooth displacement microscopic: resembles papilla tx: excise, 25% recur w/i 2 yrs |
odontogenic myxoma
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cementum producing tumor in young adults
pain is common, causes localized bone expansion well define radiopaque mass, surrounding halo attached to roots of premolar/molar mandibular tx: enucleation no recurrence |
benign cementoblastoma
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most common odontogenic tumor
adolescents and young adults failure of permanent tooth to erupt swelling and displacement of teeth tx: excise no recur |
odontoma
compound: multiple little teeth complex: mass of enamel cementum pulp |
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benign tumor of mature fat cells
yellow mass, delicate blood vessels on surface, thin epithelium *buccal mucosa and vestibule tx; excise no recur |
lipoma
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benign: nerve tissue
derived from schwann cells **tongue 1: diffuse schwann cells 2: schwann cells palisaded whorls around central pink zone, encapsulated |
1)neurofibromas and
2)schwannomas |
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benign, neural/mesenchymal cells
painless, non ulcerated nodule **tongue >buccal mucosa, females oval shaped cells w granular cytoplasm, surface epi shows hyperplasia tx: excise no recur |
granular cell tumor
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benign vascular tumor
possible developmental tumor, limited growth potential present at birth or soon after 50% cases in head and neck **tongue, marked macroglossia females adults; occur as response to trauma deep red/blue lesions 1)numerous small capillaries 2) many large blood vessles tx: spontatneous remission, or inject sclerosing solution |
hemangioma
1) capillary hemangioma 2) cavernous hemangioma |
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benign tumor of lymphatic vessels
present at birth ***tongue ill defined mass, pebbly surface multiple lymph vessels w lypmh fluid, vessels close to overlying epithelium tx: excise, TENDS TO RECUR |
lymphangioma
cystic hygroma: lymphangioma of the neck |
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developmental tumor of melanocytes
skin/oral mucosa, tan/brown, macules/papules ***hard palate >buccal mucosa 20-50yo Female tx: BIOPSY |
melanocytic nevus
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malignant tumor of melanocytes
result of sun exposure rarely intraoral ** palate, max gingiva poor prognosis |
malignant melanoma
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bony hard nodule on buccal aspect of alveolar ridges
tx: none unless needs prosthetic |
exostosis
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benign bone tumor
slow growing, asymptomatic sharply define radiopaque mass w/i bone delineated mass attached to outer surface of bone causes bone expansion tx: excise no recur |
osteoma
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malignant tumor of lymphoid tissue
primary lesion in oral soft tissue or bone **tonsillar area, males prognosis depends |
lymphoma
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most cases arise from breast, prostate, lung, thyroid, kidneys
***mandible, males pain parasthesia swelling bone expansion loose teeth appears several years after primary lesion, poor prognosis |
metastastic tumors of the jaw
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