Oral Histology Test 2 Part 1

Front 1

Histology

Back 1

Study of Cells

Front 2

________occurs when the sperm head dissolves the outer membrane of the egg and enters the egg so that the chromosomes intermingle with those of the egg

Back 2

Fertilization

Front 3

Morula

Back 3

A large accumulation of cells

Front 4

4 to 5 days after conception, the morula cells gradually seperate to form a ______?

Back 4

blastula

Front 5

Trophoblast

Back 5

The outer single layer of the blastula

Front 6

The trophobloast develops into the _____ and _______?

Back 6

membranes and placenta

Front 7

The inner cell mass of the blastula will develop into the ______?

Back 7

embryo

Front 8

By 1-2 weeks, the embryo is how many tubes?

Back 8

2

Front 9

the 2 tubes that the embryo is made into is?

Back 9

1. LARGE OUTER one
(outside body wall)

2. SMALL INNER one
(digestive tract)

Front 10

There is a space between the 2 walls that contains the organs,heart,lungs,liver. T or F?

Back 10

TRUE

Front 11

Cephalic

Back 11

opening towards the Head

Front 12

The mouth is the Cephalic or caudal opening?

Back 12

Cephalic

Front 13

Caudal

Back 13

opening towards the tail

Front 14

The anus is the cephalic or caudal opening?

Back 14

Caudal

Front 15

how long is the embryo at the end of the 3rd week?

Back 15

3 mm long

Front 16

The primitive mouth is known as what?

Back 16

Stomodeum

Front 17

when does the stomodeum (primitive mouth) form?

Back 17

the end of the 3rd week

Front 18

Buccopharyngeal Membrane

Back 18

The wall that separates the GI tract from the stomodeum.

Front 19

What region is the buccopharyngeal membrane located?

Back 19

pharyngeal tonsils

Front 20

Is there a mesoderm in the buccopharyngeal membrane?

Back 20

NO

Front 21

what happens during the 4th embryonic week?

Back 21

the buccopharyngeal membrane ruptures and becomes continuous with upper end of the GI tract.

Front 22

When the buccopharyngeal membrane ruptures,____________ is established between the stomodeum and the primitive digestive tract.

Back 22

Communication

Front 23

What is the embryo composed of?

Back 23

3 primary germ layers

Front 24

Ectoderm

Location?

Back 24

Outside

Front 25

nerve tissue?

what time of germ layer?

Back 25

Ectoderm

Front 26

epithelium

germ layer?

Back 26

ectoderm

Front 27

nasal cavity

germ layer?

Back 27

ectoderm

Front 28

sinuses

germ layer?

Back 28

ectoderm

Front 29

enamel

germ layer?

Back 29

ectoderm

Front 30

oral opithelium lining the oral cavity

germ layer?

Back 30

ectoderm

Front 31

Mesoderm

location?

Back 31

MIddle

Front 32

connective tissue

germ layer?

Back 32

mesoderm

Front 33

skeletal tissue (bone, cartilage)

germ layer?

Back 33

mesoderm

Front 34

circulatory system ( Heart, blood, blood vessels )

germ layer?

Back 34

mesoderm

Front 35

muscle tissue

germ layer?

Back 35

mesoderm

Front 36

lymphatic system

germ layer?

Back 36

mesoderm

Front 37

urinary system

germ layer?

Back 37

mesoderm

Front 38

dentin, cementum, pulp

germ layer?

Back 38

mesoderm

Front 39

Endoderm

Location?

Back 39

Inside

Front 40

epithlial lining of the digestive tract

germ layer?

Back 40

endoderm

Front 41

pharynx, stomach, intestines

germ layer

Back 41

endoderm

Front 42

lungs (epithelial lining of the respiratoy tract)

germ layer

Back 42

endoderm

Front 43

Before the rupture of the buccopharyngeal membrane, the anterior lobe forms of the _______?

Back 43

Pituitary gland HYPOPHYSIS

Front 44

The pit formed by the evaginatin is known as what?

Back 44

Rathke's pouch

Front 45

What do the cells of Rathke's pouch develop into?

Back 45

the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland

Front 46

Above the stomodeum, the recently developed forebrain causes a large bulge called the?

Back 46

Frontal Process (BRAIN )

Front 47

Below the stomodeum (future neck) what is formed?

Back 47

Five U-shaped bars of tisse
BRANCHIAL ARCHES

Front 48

The 5 U shaped arches are thickenings of what?

Back 48

Mesenchyme

Front 49

mesenchyme?

Back 49

the primitive form of connective tissue

Front 50

Branchial Arch 1 is called what?

Back 50

Mandibular Arch

Front 51

Branchial Arch I develops into what?

Back 51

Mandibular process
Maxillary process
2/3 of tongue (anterior)
Teeth
hard/soft palate
internal auditory tube
malleus & incus of the middle ear

Front 52

Branchial Arch I develops all the _____?

Back 52

TEETH

Front 53

Meckel's cartilage develops in what arch?

Back 53

Branchial Arch I

Front 54

Meckel's cartilage

Back 54

bilateral cartilaginous bar

supports mandibular arch until it is replaced by the bone of the mandible

Front 55

Branchial Arch II develops into what?

Back 55

1/3 of tongue (Posterior)
UPPER part of hyoid bone
Stapes of middle ear
Palatine tonsils

Front 56

Reichert's cartilage

Back 56

Branchial Arch II

Front 57

Branchial Arch III develops into what?

Back 57

1/3 of tongue (posterior)
LOWER part of hyoid bone
SUPERIOR part of parathyroid gland

Front 58

Branchial Arch IV develops into what?

Back 58

INFERIOR part of parathyroid gland
cartilages of the larynx

Front 59

Branchial Arch VI develops into what?

Back 59

cartilages of the larynx

Front 60

What is the buldge behind branchial arch I called?

Back 60

Maxillary Process(forms maxilla)

Front 61

All of the face, oral and nasal cavities develope from what branchial arch?

Back 61

Branchial arch I and frontal process

Front 62

how long does it take for the face to develope?

Where?

Back 62

5-6 weeks

in utero

Front 63

Above the stomodeum is what?

Back 63

the frontal process

Front 64

below the stomodeum is what?

Back 64

branchial arch I

Front 65

mitosis

Back 65

The first cell division

Front 66

A budding of a rounded process on either end of the bracnchial arch I appears about 5-6 weeks in utero. Where do these buds grow?

Back 66

upward at right and left sides of the stomodeum.

Front 67

What are the buds called

Back 67

Maxillary Processes

Front 68

Maxillary Processses give rise to what body parts?

Back 68

the upper cheeks, sides of upper lips, lateral palatine process

Front 69

Mandibular process gives rise to what body parts?

Back 69

lower cheeks, lip, and anterior 2/3 of the tongue.

Front 70

After the maxillary processes have formed, growth of the lower part of the face is _____ and the upper part of the face starts a rapid _______

Back 70

retarded, developmemt

Front 71

Olfactory Pits are the future openings of what?

Back 71

the nose

Front 72

Olfactory pits develop where?

Back 72

on the right and left sides of the frontal process

Front 73

Nasal Placode sits where?

Back 73

olfactory pit

Front 74

Placodes

Back 74

Rounded areas of ectoderm

Front 75

where are placodes found?

Back 75

senses

ear, eye, and nose

Front 76

The olfactory pits divide the frontal process into what?

Back 76

1. MEDIAN nasal process

2. right and left LATERAL nasal process

Front 77

Median nasal process develops into what?

Back 77

center & tip of nose
nasal septum

Front 78

Right and left lateral nasal processes develops into what?

Back 78

sides of the nose
infraorbital areas

Front 79

At its lower border, the median nasal process grows in length and produces a bulge known as the _______ _______.

Back 79

globular process

Front 80

Globular process ( intermaxillary segment) is a _____ structure and grows ______

Back 80

single structure
grows downward

Front 81

Globular process forms what?

Back 81

the center of the upper lip (philtrum) and the premaxilla(primary path)

Front 82

Because of the rapid growth of the surrounding areas, the median nasal process grows ( slower or faster) and becomes (more or less narrow) and the nasal openings are close or far apart?

Back 82

grows slower, more narrow, closer together

Front 83

What happens to the eyes, ears and nostrils that first appear on the sides of the head?

Back 83

they come to be located on the front of the head.

Front 84

How many lines of fusion occur in the upper lip?

Back 84

2

Front 85

The right and left _____process grow forward and fuse with the right and left sides of the ________ process.

Back 85

maxiallay process with the globular process

Front 86

The _____ _______ forms the center of the upper lip.

Back 86

globular process

Front 87

Cleft Lip

Back 87

partial or complete failure of fusion between a maxillary process and a globular process

Front 88

Cleft Lip can be _____ or _______

Back 88

unilateral or bilateral

Front 89

Cleft lip is more common in boys or girls?

Back 89

boys

Front 90

When does clefting occur?

Back 90

8-12 weeks in utero

Front 91

cleft palate?

Back 91

failure to fuse

may be slight or extensive

Front 92

Palate arises from 3 sources which are?

Back 92

1. right maxillary process
2. left maxillary process
3. globular process

Front 93

Palatal shelves
(right and left lateral palatine processes)

Back 93

the ingrowths into the stomodeum from the inside of the maxillary process

Front 94

obturator

Back 94

used for cleft palate

Front 95

Palatal fussions are unions of what?

Back 95

soft tissue NOT BONE

Front 96

At 8 weeks in utero, what is first seen?

Back 96

bone tissue

Front 97

by the third month, is there considerable bone tissue?

( hard palate)

Back 97

yes

Front 98

by the third month, are the bones of the left and right hard palate completely together?

Back 98

NO

Front 99

what exists at the end of the 4th month?

Back 99

seperation of bones

Front 100

when does the tongue begin to develop? how many weeks?

Back 100

4 weeks in utero

Front 101

The ANTERIOR 2/3 of the tongue is derived from what branchial arch?

Back 101

I

Front 102

The POSTERIOR 1/3 of the tongue is derived from what branchial arch?

Back 102

II and III

Front 103

Foramen caecum

Back 103

behind the circumvallate papillae, a small depression

Front 104

where does the thyroid gland develop?

Back 104

foramen caecum

Front 105

osteoblast

Back 105

to build