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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the functions of the oral cavity? |
1) Sensory analysis: -of material before swallowing 2) Mechanicalprocessing: -through actions of teeth, tongue, and palatal surfaces 3) Lubrication: –mixing with mucus and salivary gland secretions 4) Limited digestion: –of carbohydrates and lipids |
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What are the two main areas the oral cavity is divided into? |
1) a vestibule = the area "outside" the teeth 2) an oral cavity proper |
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What type of epithelium lines the entire oral cavity? |
stratified squamous epithelium |
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What are the 3 types of epithelium lining in the oral cavity? |
1) Masticatory epithelium 2) specialized epithelium 3) Lining epithelium |
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What is the structure and function of masticatory epithelium? |
Function: - lines any area that is involved with processing of food (ex. tongue, hard palate, gingivae) -Protection Structure: - keratinized (to different degrees depending on the amount of physical forces exerted on that area) |
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What is the structure and function of Specialized epithelium? |
Function: -sensory Structure: -tastebuds -found at dorsum of tongue |
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What is the structure of lining epithelium and where is it found? |
-non-karatinized - Covers remaining area of oral cavity (Lips cheeks, floor of mouth, soft palate, ventrum of tongue) |
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What ducts open to the oral cavity an what is their function? |
-three pairs of major salivary glands: 1) parotid 2) submandibular 3) sublingual -deliver saliva to moisten the mouth |
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What is the largest structure in the oral cavity? |
The tongue |
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Why is the tongue SO mobile? |
Large intertwined mass of skeletal muscle fibres |
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What are the two groups of muscle fibres of the tongue? |
1) Extrinsic muscles = those that originate outside the tongue 2) Intinsic Muscles = those that originate in and insert into the tongue |
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What is the function of the extrinsic muscles of the tongue? |
Responsible for moving the tongue in and out of the mouth as well as from side to side |
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What is the function of the intrinsic muscles of the tongue? |
Responsible for altering the shape of the tongue. |
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What type of epithelium makes up the dorsum of the tongue and the ventral aspect? |
Dorsal surface = specialized epithelium Ventral surface = lining epithelium |
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What are the surfaces of the tongue? |
1) dorsal 2) ventral 3) lateral (2) |
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What is the dorsum of the tongue divided into? |
two unequal regions: -the larger anterior two thirds -smaller posterior third |
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What is the sulcus terminalis? |
-V-shaped groove -separates the two regions on dorsum of tongue -apex points posteriory -contains deep concavity |
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What is the foramen cecum? |
deep concavity behind the sulcus terminalis |
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Where are lingual tonsils? |
dorsal surface of the posterior one third of the tongue - make it uneven |
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Where is the root of the tongue? |
The most posterior portion of the tongue |
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Where are Lingual papillae? |
anterior two thirds of the tongue’s dorsal surface - project above the surface |
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What are the types of lingual papillae? |
1) Filiform papillae 2) Fungiform papilla 3) Foliate papillae 4) Circumvallate papillae |
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Which papillae have tastebuds? |
-fungiform -foliate -circumvallate |
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What is the structure and function of filiform papillae? Where are thy found? |
Structure: - V-shapedcones - slender structures - don't contain taste buds - give velvety appearance to dorsum of tongue - covered by stratified squamous keratinized epithelium (increased keratinization) Function: -mechanical papillae -not involved in gustation (tasting) -help scrape food off a surface Found: -covering most of the dorsaltongue - the most numerous. |
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What is the structure and function of fungiform papillae? Where are thy found? |
Structure: - mushroom shape - stratified squamous nonkeratinized -tastebud on dorsum of cap Function: -taste Found: - appear on dorsum of tongue as random red dots among filiform papillae due to the blood coursing through the sub epithelial capillary loops |
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What is the structure and function of foliate papillae? Where are thy found? |
Structure: -vertical furrows -Slender ducts of serous minor salivary glands of von Ebner, located in the core of the tongue, empty into the base of the furrows Function: - functional taste buds only in the neonate - tastebud doesn't work in adults - Secretes serous? Found: -along the posterolateral aspect of the tongue. |
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What is the structure and function of circumvallate papillae? Where are thy found? |
Found: - 8 to 12 -very large - in a V-shaped arrangement - just anterior to the sulcus terminalis - between anterior 2/3 and posterior 1/3 -look like castle with moat Structure: -msubmerged into the surface of tongue - surrounded by an epithelially lined groove - groove is pierced by slender ducts of glands of von Ebner -Taste buds on the sides of the papillae and the lining of the groove (but not dorsum) |
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Which papillae is this? |
Filiform -V shaped -no tastebuds -mechanical -located on dorsum of tongue -most abundant -karatinized |
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Which papillae is this? |
Filiform -V shaped -no tastebuds -mechanical -located on dorsum of tongue -most abundant -karatinized |
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What papillae is this? |
Fungiform -muschroom shaped -tastebud on cap -dorsum of tongue -taste -nonkaratinized |
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What is this? |
Fungiform -are the red dots dispersed throughout the filiform of dorsum of tongue |
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What papillae is this? |
Foliate -vertical furrow -posterolateral aspect of tongue - tastebuds are only functional in children -von ebnar (minor salivary glands) secrete serous which empty into base of furrow |
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What papillae is this? |
Circumvallate -castle with moat -large -8-12 at back of tongue -v shaped -just anterior to sulcus terminale -submerged in durface -tastebuds on side but not dorsum |
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How many tastebuds are found on a papillae? |
~2-15 |
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How long does it take taste buds to regenerate? |
10 days |
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What are tastebuds? what is their function? How many do we have on the surface of tongue? |
-intraepithelial sensory organs - perception of taste -3000 taste buds |
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What is the structure of a tastebud? |
- oval structure - 70 to 80 μm long - 30 to 40 μm wide - distinctly paler than epithelium surrounding it -composed of 60 to 80 spindle-shaped cells |
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What is the taste pore? |
- opening that narrow end of the taste bud projects into - formed by the squamous epithelial cells that overlie the taste bud |
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What are the cells that make up the taste bud? |
- basal cells (regenerate cells of tastebuds) - dark cells - light cell - intermediate cells (relationship among the various cell types is not clear) |
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How do we discern taste? |
-Nerve fibers enter the taste bud -they form synaptic junctions with type I, type II, and type III cells - indicating that all three cell types probably function in the discernment of taste -carry info to brain |
