Oral Cavity

Front 1

Innervation of maxillary teeth

Back 1

Posterior superior alveolar nerve (branch of V2), the middle superior alveolar nerve (branch of infraorbital nerve, V2), and the anterior superior alveolar nerve (branch of infraorbital nerve (V2).

Front 2

Innervation of mandibular teeth

Back 2

Inferior alveolar nerve (branch of mandibular nerve, V3).

Front 3

Hard Palate bones

Back 3

Palatine process of the maxilla and horizontal plate of the palatine bone.

Front 4

Greater palatine foramen

Back 4

Large opening created by the edge of the maxilla and the edge of the palatine bone.

Greater palatine vessels and nerves use to enter and leave the hard palate.

Front 5

Lesser palatine foramen

Back 5

In the substance of the palatine bone.

Transmits the lesser palatine neurovascular structures.

Front 6

Incisive canal/foramen

Back 6

Nasopalatine nerve exits to pass posteriorly and connect with the greater palatine nerve coming anteriorly.

Front 7

Mylohyoid muscle

Back 7

Mandible to hyoid bone.

situated immediately above the anterior belly of the digastric muscle. Forms a muscular floor for the cavity of the mouth.

Innervated by the mylohyoid nerve, from the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve (V3).

Front 8

Geniohyoid muscle

Back 8

Superior to the mylohyoid. Runs from the hyoid to the back of the mandible. Floor of mouth.

Front 9

Genioglossus muscle

Back 9

Extrinsic tongue muscle.

Attachment on the mandible on the superior genial spine.

Front 10

Hypoglossus muscle

Back 10

Extrinsic tongue muscle.

Hyoid to lateral parts of tongue.

Depresses, retrudes tongue.

Front 11

Lingular Nerve

Back 11

Branch from V3 (mandibular).

Anterior to inferior alveolar nerve. Travels first lateral and then medial to the submandibular duct.

Afferent fibers from the anterior 2/3 of the tongue for “touch".

Also efferent fibers from the facial nerve that branch off from the facial nerve in the chorda tympani nerve and then enter the lingual nerve. These fibers then synapse in the submandibular ganglion; postganglionic fibers then travel to the submandibular and sublingual glands causing them to salivate.

Front 12

Submandibular ganglion

Back 12

Rests on the lateral surface of the hyoglossus muscle.

Front 13

Lips

Back 13

Innervation is via the superior labial nerve (branch of infraorbital nerve V2) and inferior labial nerve (branch of mental nerve V3)

Front 14

Submandibular and sublingual salivary glands innervation

Back 14

Parasympathetic innervation from the facial nerve (via chorda tympani branch/lingual nerve and its synapse on the submandibular ganglion).

Front 15

Parotid gland innervation

Back 15

Receives its parasympathetic innervation from the glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX) (via otic ganglion).

Front 16

What nerve crosses under the submandibular duct twice?

Back 16

The lingual from V3.

Front 17

Levator veli palatini

Back 17

Pharyngotympanic tube and petrous part of temporal bone to palatine aponeurosis.

Pharyngeal branch of CN X via pharyngeal plexus.

Elevates soft palate during swallowing and yawning.


Elevates soft palate during swallowing and yawning.

Front 18

Tensor veli palatini

Back 18

Medial pterygoid plate, sphenoid bone and cartilage of pharyngotympanic tube to Paltine aponeurosis.

Wraps around hook of Hamulus.

Nerve to medial pterygoid (V3) via otic ganglion.

Tenses soft palate and opens mouth of pharyngotympanic tube during swallowing and yawning.

Front 19

Sensory innervation to hard and soft palate

Back 19

Greater and lesser palatine nerves via greater and lesser palatine foramina. Both come from V3 through pterygopalatine ganglion. Also nasopalatine nerve same path.