Oracle

Front 1

What's is the Oratab.file for?

Back 1

It shows you all the database and the database instillation that you have on that particular server.

Front 2

What is the Command to check what database your connected to?

Back 2

Select name from v$database;

Front 3

Path to get to the Oratab.file

Back 3

/etc/oratab

Front 4

What's the path for the bash profile

Back 4

Cat .bash_profile

Front 5

What's in the bash_profile

Back 5

- oracle_base

- default oracle_home

- default oracle_SID

Front 6

Is the bash_profile dynamic or static profile

Back 6

Static

Front 7

What's is a static profile?

Back 7

A static profile is a file that does not update on it's own. You have to go in and manually make updates yourself

Front 8

What are the two ways to update database once deleted in bash_profile?

Back 8

- vi .bash_profile

- source .bash_profile

Front 9

What four things need to be check to make sure a database was successfully created?

Back 9

- dbca

- etc/oratab

- cat .bash_profile

- cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs

Front 10

What is the echo command for?

Back 10

To verify what database your about to connect to before you actually connect to the database.

Front 11

Command to echo database?

Back 11

Echo $oracle_SID

Front 12

Command to echo oracle home?

Back 12

Echo $ORACLE_HOME

Front 13

What is a Instance?

Back 13

A combination of memory and background processes

Front 14

Oracle Database is made up of what parts?

Back 14

- Physical structure

- Logical Structure

- Memory

- Background Processes

Front 15

What's included in the Physical Structure?

Back 15

- Spfile

- pfile

- control file

- Data file

- redo log file

- archived redo log file

- password file

- alter log file

Front 16

What's included in the logical Structure?

Back 16

- block

- extent

- segment

- tables

- tablespaces

- views

- constraints

- synonyms

- sequences

Front 17

What's included in the memory structure?

Back 17

- sga: stored global area

- pga: program global area

- uga: user global area

- shared pool: Library cache, data dictionary cache

Front 18

What's included in the background processes?

Back 18

- SMON

- PMON

- DBWN: database writer

- LGWR: redolog writer

- archiver

- check point

Front 19

What is memory?

Back 19

It's what makes your database go fast. It retains alot of the information.

Front 20

What is background processes?

Back 20

The things that actually do the work. Slave programs that do the work for the user on the back end; for the user and for maintenance purposes.

Front 21

What is Physical Structure?

Back 21

Files; it's made up of important files.

Front 22

What does the spfile do?

Back 22

Start your database

Front 23

Where is your spfile located in Oracle?

Back 23

$HOME_ORACLE/dbs

Front 24

Where is the spfile located in Windows?

Back 24

$ ORACLE_HOME/database

Front 25

What does the pfile do?

Back 25

Start your database

Front 26

What's the difference between spfile and pfile?

Back 26

Spfile has both dynamic and static parameters but pfile only stores static parameter.

Front 27

What is the naming convention for spfile?

Back 27

Spfile(database_name).ora

Front 28

What is the pfile naming convention?

Back 28

Init(database_name).ora

Front 29

What is a Control file?

Back 29

Used to mount database. Located in your spfile. Must have a minimum of 2 spfiles.

Front 30

How to view control files?

Back 30

Show parameter control

Front 31

What is a data file?

Back 31

It opens the database. The most important file in the database.

Front 32

What is the REDO log file?

Back 32

It opens the database; records all changes other than truncate.

Front 33

Archived REDO log file

Back 33

Saves all changes made in the database except truncate.

Front 34

What is the Password file?

Back 34

Used to save the sysdba password stored outside the database

Front 35

What is the Alert log file?

Back 35

Used to store all critical/errors in the database. Any problems w/ the database goes in this file.

Front 36

What is logical Structure?

Back 36

Anything that you need to log into the database to see.

Front 37

What's the difference between logical Structure and physical structure?

Back 37

For physical Structure you dont have to log into the database to see physical files b/c there right there in the O.S.

Front 38

What is a block?

Back 38

Smallest logical structure to store data. Default block size is 8kb.

Front 39

What is extent?

Back 39

Two continuous blocks. Two block related to each other; have data related to each other.

Front 40

What is a segment?

Back 40

Multiple extents; two extents

Front 41

What is a segment?

Back 41

Makes up tablespaces; logical way of storing data. Logically segment information to get certain information

Front 42

What is a tablespace?

Back 42

Tablespace are made up of blocks, extents, segments, and tables.

Front 43

What is a view?

Back 43

Virtual table. Based off the base table. Stored in memory and doesn't hold any data.

Front 44

What is a constraints?

Back 44

A limitation placed on a table column. Ex: primary key, foreign key, unique key

Front 45

What are synonyms?

Back 45

A alias for a table.

Front 46

What's the difference between synonyms and view?

Back 46

There is no such thing as a public or private view. When creating a synonyms its private by default. You have to specifically make it public.

Front 47

What is a sequence?

Back 47

Something you create if you want to auto increment or auto increase the rows inside the table by a certain amount of rows.

Front 48

What two files are used to start the database?

Back 48

Spfile and pfile

Front 49

How to know if your database started with the spfile?

Back 49

SQL> show parameter spfile

Value=Spfile

No Value=Pfile

Front 50

Which files can you not read?

Dynamic or static

Back 50

Dynamic

Front 51

Which files can you read and edit?

Dynamic or static

Back 51

Static

Front 52

What is a scope?

Back 52

A scope is a limitation

Front 53

What are the three types of scopes?

Back 53

- BOTH

- SPFILE

- MEMORY

Front 54

What is the scope 'BOTH'?

Back 54

It changes both in spfile and memory; the only time you can change both is if they have a dynamic parameter.

Front 55

What is scope 'MEMORY'?

Back 55

You can only use if this is a dynamic parameter. It is a temporary change.

Front 56

How to implement changes w/ dynamic parameter?

Back 56

A parameter that can be changed w/out you having to bounce(restart) the database.

Front 57

How to implement changes w/ static parameter?

Back 57

In order for you to see changes you have to restart the database

Front 58

What's does ERROR:

ORA-02095: specified initialization parameter cannot be modified

Mean?

Back 58

It means you are trying to change a static file so you have to use SCOPE=SPFILE at the end.

Front 59

Commands to show control file?

Back 59

SQL> show parameter control;

Or

SQL>select name from v$controlfile;

Front 60

Characteristics of a control file?

Back 60

- minimum of 2

- created when database is created

- dynamic nature, but when creating a trace file your creating a static example.

- you cannot mount database if if one control file is bad

Front 61

Command to find data file?

Back 61

SQL> select name from v$datafile

Front 62

Characteristics if a data file

Back 62

- comes w/ four data files and one temp file.

- used

Front 63

What is the of the tool used for deleting a database?

Back 63

DBCA; Database Configuration Assistance

Front 64

What tool do you use to install oracle database software and where is it located on your system?

Back 64

Database Configuration Assistance; located: $ORACLE_HOME/bin

Front 65

Your connected as the user sys and you get "connected to an idle inatance" what does that mean and what do you have to do?

Back 65

That means you database is not started so you need to query your database to startup to connect to database.

Front 66

What are the 3 diffrent ways you can connect to the database using Scott with password tiger?

Back 66

- sqlplus scott/tiger@orcl

- sqlplus type username, type pass.

- sql> connect scott@orcl

Front 67

Which file is used to mount the database?

Back 67

Control file

Front 68

What are the commands to put the database in mount mode?

Back 68

- Start mount

- alter database mount

Front 69

What is the command to mount your database when it has already started not opened?

Back 69

Sql> alter database mount;

Sql> alter database open;

Front 70

What file does oracle check to find the location and name of the file Oracle reads to mount the database?

Back 70

Controlfile

Front 71

What file has the location and names of the datafile?

Back 71

Controlfile

Front 72

What file has the location and names of the redolog file?

Back 72

Control file

Front 73

After mounting the database, which 2 files does oracle read to open the database for users?

Back 73

Spfile and pfile

Front 74

Command to open database once mounted.

Back 74

Alter database open

Front 75

What are the shutdown commands and which one requires the database to recover when issued?

Back 75

- shutdown normal

- shutdown immediate

- shutdown transactional

- shutdown abort

Shutdown abort requires a recovery during startup.

Front 76

Which shutdown command disconnect and kill all connect users?

Back 76

Shutdown abort

Front 77

Your database is open for users, execute and display the shutdown command that will disconnect all connected users?

Back 77

Shutdown immediate or shutdown abort

Front 78

Your database is open for users, execute and display the shutdown command that will disconnect all connected users?

Back 78

Shutdown immediate or shutdown abort

Front 79

What two things happen during the shutdown immediate before the database goes down gracefully?

Back 79

- all incommited transactions are rolled back

- all committed transactions in memory are flushed to the disk.

Front 80

Which of the following commands can be issued when the database is in mount mode and why?

Select * from dba_tablespaces

Select * from v$tablespace

Back 80

- select * from v$tablespace

Because it's based on virtual tables that are built from memory structures.

Front 81

Where is the database alert log file located on your system and what is it used for?

Back 81

Your alert log file is a chronological log of messages and errors written written out by an Oracle Database.

Front 82

Where is the spfile located on the windows system?

Back 82

$ORACLE_HOME/database

Front 83

Where is the spfile located on your linux system?

Back 83

$ORACLE_HOME/dbs

Front 84

Where is the pfile located on the unix system?

Back 84

$ORACLE_HOME/dbs

Front 85

What is the command to change a parameter in the spfile?

Back 85

Alter system set from sqlplus then use the scope option.

Front 86

Which two tablespace exist by default when you create a database?

Back 86

User and temp

Front 87

How do you find out the location of your archivelog file.

Back 87

Sql>show parameter db_recovery_file_dest;

Front 88

Error ORA-00924: table or view does not exist.

What is the problem and how do you fix it?

Back 88

It means that table is not available under that schema so you will need to check the data dictionary to see if that table exist and if it does you will complete the query again by referencing the other table by the table schema name.

Front 89

Error

ORA-01045 user hr lack create session privilege; logon denied

What is the problem and how do you resolve it?

Back 89

User hr does not have the session privileges so you will have to go in and grant that user those privileges.

SQL> SELECT * FROM DBA_ROLE_PRIVS WHERE GRANTEE='HR ';

SQL> grant create session to hr;