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5 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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C.2.1 Outline the coronary circulation. |
Coronary circulation refers to the blood vessels that supply the heart including: - The Left coronary artery which branches into the left anterior descending artery and the circumflex artery - right coronary artery |
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C.2.2 Outline what is meant by theterm atherosclerosis. |
Atherosclerosis is when an artery becomes damaged and blockedwith cholesterol and other material forming atherosclerotic plaque. |
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C.2.3 List the major risk factors forcardiovascular disease. |
Major risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) include: - cigarette smoking - high blood pressure(hypertension) - high cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol - low HDL-cholesterol - diabetes - obesity - physical inactivity -age - gender - ethnicity - family history. |
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C.2.4 Explain the concept of riskfactors in cardiovascular disease. |
Risk factors can beclassified as being modifiable and non-modifiable. Modifiable factors include: •Cigarettesmoking •Highblood pressure (hypertension) •Elevatedserum cholesterol (There are two types of cholesterol, dietary cholesterolwhich comes from food, and serum or blood cholesterol which is found in thebloodstream) •Diabetes •Obesity •Physicalinactivity •Stress
Non-modifiable factors include: •Age •Gender •Heredity •Familyhistory •Ethnicbackground (egAfricans/Asians are at a higher risk) It is important to note that: •Theimpact of risk factors is accumulative •It isnot sensible to view the risk of having cardiovascular disease on the basis ofa single risk factor •Earlydetection of risk factors is essential in the treatment of cardiovasculardisease |
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C.2.5 Discuss how a lifestyle ofphysical inactivity increases therisk of cardiovascular disease. |
People who are physically inactive are morelikely to have otherrisk factorsthatincrease their risk of developing cardiovascular disease including: •High bloodpressure(Hypertension) •Obesity •Type 2 diabetes •low HDL-cholesterol |
