Optics 2 Test 2

Front 1

longitudinal waves? example

Back 1

direction of oscillation is in the same direction of propagation (SOUND WAVE)

Front 2

transverse waves? example

Back 2

oscillation is perpendicular to the direction of propagation (LIGHT WAVE)

Front 3

simple harmonic wave equation

Back 3

y=Asin[k(x+vt)]
wave moving RIGHT to LEFT

y=Asin[k(x-vt)]
wave moving LEFT to RIGHT

Front 4

in harmonic waves what is the relationship between INTENSITY and AMPLITUDE

Back 4

I ~ A^2
intensity of a harmonic wave is proportional to the square of the wave's amplitude

Front 5

in class...we talked about superposition of harmonic waves what stays constant in the resultant wave? what change?

Back 5

frequency is CONSTANT
amplitude and phase is DIFFERENT

Front 6

temporal coherence

Back 6

1.measure of the time interval during which the propagating light remains in phase
2.measure of how monochromatic the light is

Front 7

spatial coherence

Back 7

measure of the uniformity of phase across the propagating wave front

Front 8

coherence

Back 8

a measure of the degree of phase correlation that exists in the radiation field of a light source at different locations and different times

Front 9

In two beam interference, when does intensity minima (dark fringes) occur?

Back 9

when the OPD is equal to an ODD number of half-wavelengths so that total destructive interference results

Front 10

In two beam interference, when does intensity maxima (bright fringes) occur?

Back 10

when OPD is a WHOLE number of wavelengths so that total constructive interference results

Front 11

light coming from LOW refractive index incident on HIGH refractive index will have...phase change?

Back 11

180 DEGREE PHASE CHANGE

Front 12

light coming from HIGH refractive index incident on LOW refractive index will have...phase change?

Back 12

NO PHASE CHANGE

Front 13

how does anti-reflection coating work

Back 13

by producing two reflections which interfere destructively with each other

Front 14

what color is a single layer antireflection coating? multiple layer coating?

Back 14

single: purple
multiple: green

Front 15

what are Fizeau Fringes

Back 15

fringe pattern dependent on thickness variation and the alternating dark and light fringes correspond to regions of constant thickness (viewed at normal incidence)

Front 16

how are Newtons rings created

Back 16

when a convex surface is placed in contact with a plane surface. rings are created by pi phase change caused by the air-glass boundary

Front 17

michelson interferometer is using the method of...

Back 17

amplitude splitting

Front 18

why does the intensity of the bright fringes in the Young's experiment changes with their position

Back 18

effect of diffraction caused by each slit

Front 19

when a ray is incident to an interface between two materials, there is a pi phase shift

Back 19

in the reflected ray if the ray is incident from the material with lower index

Front 20

in youngs double slit experiment, if you want to increase the separation between two consecutive bright (or dark) fringes, you can...

Back 20

increase the separation between the slits

Front 21

the bandwidth of wave A is wider than the bandwidth of wave B. thus...

Back 21

the coherent length of B is longer than that of A

Front 22

in order to obtain a wider central maximum in Fraunhofer single slit diffraction pattern, you can...

Back 22

decrease the width of the single slit

Front 23

difference in dispersion between prism and diffraction grating is that

Back 23

in diffraction grating the blue light is nearer to the optical axis and the red light is farther away from it; however, in prism it is just opposite

Front 24

what is Fresnel addition on Huygens principle

Back 24

the amplitude at any point beyond is the superposition of the all these amplitudes from the secondary sources when their phases are taken into account

Front 25

pattern of fringes

Back 25

when increases in amplitude and decreases in amplitude occur alternately in a spatial display

Front 26

fringe contrast equation

Back 26

Contrast= (Imax-Imin)/(Imax+Imin)

Front 27

top view the center of the newtons ring is...? bottome view?

Back 27

1. DARK SPOT=ZERO
counting the bright fringes begin with 1

2.BRIGHT SPOT

Front 28

what type of interference is considered Wavefront Splitting

Back 28

Young's Interference

Front 29

what type of interference is considered Amplitude Splitting

Back 29

1. Michelson Interferometer
2. Fringes of equal inclination (soap film)
3. Fringes of equal thickness (wedges shaped film-Fizeau fringes)

Front 30

what is diffractioni

Back 30

the tendency of light to deviate from a straight line path in a isotropic medium

Front 31

huygen principle?
fresnel's addition?

Back 31

all pts on a wavefront can be considered as a pt source for the production of spherical secondary wavelets, and at any later time the new wavefront position is the envelope to these secondary wavelets

the actual electric field at any point beyond the wavefront is a superposition of all these wavelets, taking into account both their amplitudes and phases

Front 32

fraunhofer diffraction?
fresnel diffraction?

Back 32

1. observed in the infocus image plane of a source (Far Field Diffraction)

2. occur anywhere in the diffracted beam other than in the infocus image plane (Near Field Diffraction)

Front 33

airy disc

Back 33

the central relatively high intensity spot in a fraunhofer diffraction by a circular aperture

Front 34

rayleigh's criterion for resolution

Back 34

in an image forming system, the resolving power is a measure of the ability to separate images of two neighboring object points