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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Entropion
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Inturning eyelid - causes rubbing of lashes on cornea.
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Ectropion
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Outturning eyelid - causes dry or watery eyes
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Blepharoptosis
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Droopiness of upper eyelid due to problems with levator or its nerve supply.
Surgical repair especially in young children to prevent amblyopia |
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Dermatochalsis
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Excessive accumulation of skin on the upper id and prolapse of orbital fat in the upper and lower lid caused by weakening of fibrous orbital septum and orbital connective tissue.
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Blepharitis
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Inflammation of eyelid margin
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Blepharospasm
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Involuntary spasm of eyelid muscles which causes functional blindness.
Treat with botox |
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Lag opthalmos
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Inability to close the upper eylid completely
Occurs in hyperthyroidism, trauma and 7th nerve palsy |
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Lid Laceration
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Ensure underling globe, ocular adnexal tissue, levator and canaliculus not damaged.
Treatment-surgical repair |
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Eyelid lesions
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skin tags, moles, styes, chalazion, cysts
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Eyelid Cancers
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Basal cell carcinoma (most common), squamous cell carcinoma, sevaceous cell carcinoma, malignant melanoma.
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Epiphora
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Constant watery eyes most often due to dry eyes with secondary reflex tearing.
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Proptosis
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Bulging of one or both eyeballs
Causes - graves' disease (most common), orbital tumours, infections (orbital cellulitis), pseudotumor. |
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Orbital Cellulitis: clinical features
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Decreased vision, proptosis, restricted ocular motility, optic disc edema, RAPD, conjunctival chemosis and injection, fever
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Orbital Cellulitis: Causes
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Sinus infection (common in adults), focal orbital infection (dacryocystitis/adenitis, panopthalmitis), trauma (orbital fracture), complications of surgery, vascular extension
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Orbital Cellulitis: Treatment
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Medical Emergency!
Broad spectrum IV antibiotics, imaging, ENT consult, CBC, blood cultures |
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Graves' Disease ocular manifestaions
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Poor vision due to:
Corneal exposure Optic nerve compression Diplopia |
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Enucleation
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Removal of entire eyeball due to trauma, infection, blind and painful eye, tumour
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Evisceration
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Removal of inner contents of eyeball
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Exenteration
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removal of entire eyeball plus all ocular adnexal tissue
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Orbital Floor Fractures: Symptoms
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-Diplopia in primary or downgaze
Enophthalmos greater than 2mm |
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White blow out fracture
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orbital floor fracture in children
urgent treatment because eye muscles become entrapped |
