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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Influence |
The ability to control another persons actions. This can be done via persuasion, peer pressure, or compliance. |
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Organizational Politics |
Any actions taken to influence the behavior of others to reach PERSONAL goals. |
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Types of Influence |
1. Ingratiation- doing favors, praising, flattering to get ahead 2. Exchanges- offering exchange of favors 3. Sanctions-threatening someone with negative sanctions 4. Upward Appeals-getting higher-ups to agree with you 5. Blocking- threatening to stop working 6.Coalition-obtaining subordinates support 7.Assertiveness- making orders or demands |
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Organizational Power v Individual Power |
-Power derived from a persons position in an organization and from control over important resources that come from this position. -Power derived from personal qualities |
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Different Types of Powers.. |
1.Coercive- the ability to punish others. Problem is that it causes resentment. 2. Reward-The ability to give something positive. 3.Legitimate- Formal rights that accompany a position in a company 4.Expert-Strongest types of power. Power from having certain access to information 5.Referent-power developed because the person is liked/respected |
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How to Increase Power |
-Lower people can link up with higher members. They can also form a coalition. |
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The Power Corollary |
For every exercise of power, there is a tendency for the subject to want to return the power play |
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Functional Politics v Dysfunctional Politics |
-Functional politics end up helping the company. Majority of this activity is functional. |
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Types of Political Behavior |
1.Internal-External: whether political behavior involves only members of the organization or extends to outside people 2.Lateral-Vertical: whether behavior stays within people of the same status 3.Legitimate-Illegitimate: whether political behavior is normal or extreme |
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Whistle Blowing |
A practice when an employee tells on the company if they think something illegal or immoral is happening |
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Causes of Organizational Politicking |
-Competition for power and resources -Subjective Performance Appraisals(no clear guidelines as to what facilitates a raise/promotion) -Delay in measurement of work outcomes(takes a long time to get results) -Compensation for inadequacies(ambiguous job roles) |
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Consequences of Organizational Politicking |
-There is generally a negative relationship between political behaviors and job satisfaction -Low levels of this are associated with better communication |
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How to Manage Organizational Politicking |
1. Remove ambiguity 2. Provide "slack" resources 3. Create a positive organizational climate 4. Clarify personnel selection(all decicions should be made devoid of politics) 5. Reward performance, not politics |
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Gray and Ariss Contingency Model of Organizational Politics |
-Young company should have an autocratic decision where one person decides and as they expand politicking should be used |
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Cobb's Autocratic Model |
Agent 1. Psychological Orientation(motivation to use power) 2.Political Skills(agents understanding of politics) 3. Personal Power(type and amount of power agent has) Target 1. Readiness to act 2.Ability to act Situational Context 1. Formal Organization 2. Informal Organization |
