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80 Cards in this Set
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popular dance music. Descended from Spain and has African influence (call and response, clave). Earliest Cuban son originated in eastern, rural Cuba. Rumba and all it’s added components come together in the son. Became the basis for salsa.
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Son
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secular Afro-Cuban music influenced by abaqua and Yoruba religious music. Use of tumbadora (conga drums). Incorporation of european instruments & clave instruments
guiro and maracas were used |
Rumba
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Praising and worshiping of Orishas (Yoruba belief). Patron saint: "La virgen morena".
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Cuban Religion
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Fusion of Catholicism and the Yoruba religion.
n Cuba, religion of the Yoruba. Syncretic religion, similar to Candomble in Brazil. Fusion of Catholic saints with Yoruba deities. |
Santeria
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rythmic patterns
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toques
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sacred drum in the cuban music of the religon. Santeria; a tonal drum that imitates the tonal Nigerian language of Yoruba people. Provide an interlocking pattern Hour glass shaped and there are 3 sizes for different pitches (so that it can be used to play melody) à to emulate tonal language, allows people to communicate with one another
Used in religious ceremonies to induce spirit possession. |
bata
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deities of the Yoruba people. Were equated with Catholic saints.
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Orisha
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equalized to Santa Barbara in the Santeria religion.
Perhaps the most popular Orisha; he is a Sky Father, god of thunder and lightning and is the center point of the religion as he represents the Oyo people of W. Africa. He is owner of the Bata (3 double-headed drums)-sacred. This is also the patron saint of Francisco Aguabella. |
Chango
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Had its own language
- Organization much like) - fraternal society/religious practice with its own ritual language which was located in Havana and Matanzas. Originated around border between Nigeria and Cameroon. the Masons in the U.S. |
abakwa
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two hard wooden sticks struck together; they provide repetitive rhythmic basis to the son ensemble. Its role is parallel with a specifically West African trait in basic instrumental practice. provides a rhythmic timeline ("I'm fine how are you" rhythm)
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clave
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a sub-genre of Cuban rumba, a complex rhythmic music and dance style. The traditional line-up consists of:
three drums, similar to conga drums: the tumba (lowest), llamador (middle, playing a cross-clave counter rhythm), and quinto (highest, solo drum). These parts may also be played on cajones, wooden boxes. claves a solo singer the coro (chorus) two dancers, one male, one female.[1] |
Guaguancó
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fast and energetic Rumba, with a 6/8 feel, which is often accompanied by a 6/8 (Spanish 'seis por ocho') beat struck on a hoe or a bell.
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Rumba Columbia
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a tall, narrow, single-headed Cuban drum with African antecedents.
Middle- pitch |
Conga (Tamba)
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smallest of the tumbadora drums, highest pitch (solo drum)
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quinto
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an agreement signed by the governments of Canada, Mexico, and the United States, creating a trilateral trade bloc in North America.
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NAFTA
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a musical instrument in the percussion family. Keys or bars (usually made of wood) are struck with mallets to produce musical tones.
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Marimba
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a brass-based form of traditional music. Bandas play a wide variety of songs, including rancheras, corridos, cumbias, baladas, and boleros.(Especially ranchera)
influenced by polka |
Banda
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ballads that narrate stories related to drug trafficking
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Narcocorrido
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a reggae/hip-hop hybrid of Puerto Rican provenance
a form of Latin urban music. blends West-Indian music influences of reggae, dancehall, and soca with those of Latin America, such as bomba, plena, salsa, latin pop and bachata as well as those of hip hop, contemporary R&B, and electronica. |
reggaeton
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Dominican percussion instrument consisting of an open-ended, hollow gourd with parallel notches cut in one side. It is played by rubbing a wooden stick ("pua") along the notches to produce a ratchet-like sound.
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guiro
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used for rumba
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maracas
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Cuban guitar-like instrument. 6 to 9 string (but three pairs) acoustic stringed instrument. Strings are paired. Characteristic of much of the early son.
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tres
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one of six provinces of Cuba until 1976.
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Oriente
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combined rumba with European song forms
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Cuban son
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early ensembles for cuban son
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bungas
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later ensembles for cuban son
They can play many different musical type. Ex: rumba, mambo, bolero |
conjuntos
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songs or chants
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cantos
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a folk musical instrument of the Caribbean Islands.
usually classified as part of the lamellophone family of musical instruments. |
marimbula
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ancient mythical chronicle. Written by Fuente Matons fiction. Speaks of instruments in the son creation but lost credibility due to the fact that some of the instruments it presents were not in existence in its time frame. An attempt at giving the first demonstration of the cuban son. Said that Santiago de Cuba was the birthplace of the son (not true). Ma teodora son.
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Ma Teodora
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solo section in which the tres, piano and trumpet players demonstrated their improv skills. Developed by Arsenio Rodriguez. [piano]
vehicles of self-expression, incorporation of own sentiments and philosophical perspective |
montuno
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Cuban musical form and dance style that achieved developed originally in Havana, and Mexico City. It became internationally renowned. This word means conversation with the gods in Kikongo, the language spoken by Central African slaves taken to Cuba.
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mambo
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a style of Cuban music. It is popular dance music which developed from the danzón in the early 1950s.
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cha cha cha
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fitting relic for occation
Ex: women brought children, then sing about them as improvisation |
Verso
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chorus
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coro
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sung improvisations
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inspiracion
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Repeated rhythmic cycle of notes or chords (a.k.a. montuno or vamp) played on stringed instruments like tres, guitar and violin. This is the rhythmic stream that propels the son and similar Cuban musics.
son instrumentation; interlocking melodic and rhythmic ostinato patterns based on the clave patterns. A way of playing the violin to give it a percussive sound. (OR) A riff played by the strings in a charanga, or the tres in a conjunto; also repeated horn lines (Latin). |
guajeo
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occurs when a note is played before the chord to which the note belongs and resolves when the "anticipated" chord is reached
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anticipation
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Four-part Cuban piece; 1920s addition of montuno section; purely instrumental(no lyrics); Cuban, but popularized in Mexico. originally a European-descendant upper class dance music.
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Danzon
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a term given to traditional ensembles of Cuban dance music.
Cuban instrumental dance music; experimental because of use of European instruments; associated with danzón; use of flutes and timbales (cuban development from tympani). use of violins is very important. Listening by Orquesta Aragon is an example. |
Charanga
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wrote “Africa,” which is strictly notated, but opens up as the song progresses and choreography becomes more free; influenced development of mambo genre. increasing afro-cuban influence
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Arcano y sus Maravillas (leader: Antonio Arcano)
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composed Clavelitos
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Orquestra Aragon
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a long-time band. Was led by guitarist and vocalist Rogelio Martínez
has been called, by the Guinness Book of World Records, "the group with the longest duration." It is a religion, music and dance practiced by, in large part, Jamaicans who reside in the eastern parish on St. Thomas on the island. one of the ancestor of reggae (oldest) |
sonora matancera
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Music of the rural people, like “Aguinaldo”--comes from the word "jibaros," which was a name for the rural servants to elite classes; use of cuatro; décima lyric structure; poetic lyrics; no call and response, but still loosely African; associated with the following Puerto Rican dance music: seis, mapayé, and danza
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msicua jibara
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guitar-like instrument used in musica jibara
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cuatro
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a folkloric genre native of Puerto Rico and Panama. Its creation was influenced by African and Spanish music.
The music is generally folkloric. The music's beat and rhythm are usually played using hand drums called panderetas, but also known as panderos or pleneras. |
Plena
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Puerto Rican folk dance music; more direct African instrumentation; root of the plena; dancers didn’t necessarily dance together, unlike the rumba
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Bomba
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Working-class Ponce neighborhood where Bumbun Oppenheimer is from; performed his latest compositions here for fellow pleneros and fans who gathered in the homes and storefronts; birthplace of Puerto Rican plena; artists shared compositions; destroyed when it was replaced with modern buildings
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La Joya del Castillo
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region of Puerto Rico where La Joya del Castillo was located; known as the birthplace of the plena
main port of entry for "freed laborers" (especially as US and creole-owned sugar corporations blanketed the island with huge capitalist plantations) |
Ponce
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the common name given to two distinct Puerto Rican musicians (both born in Mayagüez), namely Monserrate Rivera Alers (originally nicknamed Rate, later referred to as "Don Mon", or Mon The Elder, and sometimes credited as Ramón in songwriting credits) and his oldest son, Efraín Rivera Castillo (referred to early in his career as "Moncito", or Little Mon, and later known by his father's moniker).
singer and musician; master plenero; fast, humerous style; all trombone brass section to Afro-Puerto Rican orchestra music |
mon rivera
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Plena standard by Mon Rivera about the strike of a seamstress against a factory owner
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Alo, quien nama?
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Main instrument of plena; like tambourine without jingles; held frame drum
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pandereta
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represents the ranchera commitment to a lost, rural Mexico and the negative effects of globalization on Mexican society
anxiety about a loss of Mexican tradition due to globalization. Rock is the Ranchera of the city |
El México que se nos fue
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I’m from A and your are from B, but we both like rocknroll, so we are same
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neo-tribalism
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Defined by Spitta as a powerful concept for understanding border cultures; the consequence of cultural contact is the creation of a new culture, but sometimes borders are reinforced (representing a strong Mexican identity)
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Transculturation
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Rap/rock group who wrote “Jump the River Beaner,” which discourages people from crossing the border to America because of basic economic needs and the like; their main idea in this song is that globalization makes Mexicans interconnected with other countries but does not remove the inequalities between the countries
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resorte
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a group that wrote “Frijolero,” (beaner) which describes crossing the border as a dangerous thing; examines political and social relations between the US and Mexico
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molotov
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Salsa style which breaks on the first beat "On 1"
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L.A. Style
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Salsa style which breaks on the second beat "On 2".
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New York Style
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a music genre first developed in Jamaica in the late 1960s. While sometimes used in a broader sense to refer to most types of Jamaican music, this term more properly denotes a particular music style that originated following on the development of ska and rocksteady.
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reggae
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music genre that originated in Jamaica in the late 1950s, and was the precursor to rocksteady and reggae.
ombined elements of Caribbean mento and calypso with American jazz and rhythm and blues. |
ska
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a cultural form indigenous to Jamaica.
It is a religion, music and dance practiced by, in large part, Jamaicans who reside in the eastern parish on St. Thomas on the island. one of the ancestor of reggae (oldest) |
Kumina
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a Puerto Rican dance associated with reggaeton music
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perreo
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race, class gender,violence,sexism
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raggaeton theme (sexist)
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born in New York in 1980
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hip-hop
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Saludos Amigos
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Disney film
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The Three Caballeros
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Disney film
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rumba as related to samba
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afro-Cuban is Rumba while afro Brazilian is Samba
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Samba is developed here
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Rio de Janerio
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first commercially recorded samba song
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Pelo Telefone
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The program combines international music with dance in an effort to make exercise fun.
Alberto "Beto" Perez in Colombia during the 1990s. |
zumba
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a style of Flamenco music from Spain. Its style derives from the influence of Afro-Cuban Rumba brought back from Cuba to Spain in the 19th century but it is played with guitars and hand clapping, some body slaps and castanets, while the Cuban one uses drums and claves.
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Rumba flamenca
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Famenca from Spain goes to Cuba, mixed with rumba, and go back to Spain
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ir y vuela
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Used for political reason in Chicano movement
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Corrido
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Mucho corazon is genre of ?
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bolero
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the dance performance we saw in the class is from ?
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El Salvador
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type of Salvadorian dance
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xuc
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a band that has forcefully propelled the popularity of Latin music by blending it with other genres.
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Maldita Vecindad
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a band from Ciudad Satélite just northwest of Mexico City.
The group is widely credited with being a pioneering group of the Rock en Español movement |
Cafe Tacuba
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a Mexican ska, rock and punk band, from Tijuana BC, México.
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Tijuana No!
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a group that expanded the son. Europeanization of the son. Son was gaining international popularity. Included vocal harmonics of higher complexity, expansion of melodic range, and added more ornamentation through the utilization of the trumpet. The tres became more dominant. Incorporated a fixed steady rhythm in the patterns played by the bongos, creating less freedom for improvisation.
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Septeto nacional
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