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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
limitations to CT scans in C-spine injury:
-difficult to identify those fractures oriented in ... plane (ex. ... fractures) -unable to show ... injuries -relatively high costs |
axial
dens ligamentous |
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Mechanism of injury:
Hyperflexion results in a disruption of the ... ligament. could result in a flexion ... fracture. Hyperextension may result in ... fracture. Axial compression may result in ... fracture, a bursting fracture on the atlas. |
posterior
tear drop Hangman’s Jefferson |
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Stability:
If one of the columns (either anterior or posterior) is intact, the injury is considered to be ... |
stable
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What is the most common type of odontoid fracture?
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type II odontoid fracture
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Which type of odontoid fracture has the best prognosis?
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type III odontoid fracture
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Dens fracture type I:
Type 1 odontoid fracture: fracture in the ... of the odontoid. This type of fracture is potentially ... |
superior tip
unstable |
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Dens fracture type II:
Type II odontoid fracture: fracture at the ... of the odontoid. It is an ... fracture. It is the most common type of odontoid fracture. |
base
unstable |
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Dens fracture type III:
Type III odontoid fracture: fracture through the ... It has the best prognosis |
base of odontoid into body of axis
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Hangman’s fracture:
-fractures through the ... of the ... resulting from hyperextension and distraction. |
pars interarticularis
axis |
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Flexion teardrop fracture:
... ligament disruption and ... compression fracture of the vertebral body which results from a severe ... injury. |
posterior
anterior flexion |
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...:
complete anterior dislocation of the vertebral body resulting from extreme hyperflexion injury. It is associated with a very high risk of cord damage. Mechanism: extreme flexion of head and neck without axial compression. |
bilateral facet dislocation
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...:
Description: facet joint dislocation and rupture of the apophyseal joint ligaments resulting from rotatory injury of the cervical vertebrae. Mechanism: simultaneous flexion and rotation |
Unilateral facet dislocation
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...:
Description: fracture of a spinous process C6-T1 Mechanism: powerful hyperflexion, usually combined with contraction of paraspinous muscles pulling on spinous processes |
Clay Shoveler’s Fracture
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...:
Description: compression fracture resulting from flexion. Mechanism: hyperflexion and compression |
Wedge fracture
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...:
Description: fracture of C3-C7 that results from axial compression. Injury to spinal cord, secondary to displacement of posterior fragments, is common. CT is required for all patient to evaluate extent of injury. Mechanism: axial compression |
Burst fracture
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management:
There are three indications for surgical intervention in cervical spine trauma. These are: ... Cervical immobolization is usually achieved by a ...-type collar or a ... vest. |
1. Neurologic deficit
2. Spinal instability 3. Intractable pain Philadelphia halo |
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What is the most common cause of spinal cord dysfunction in older persons?
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cervical spondylotic myelopathy
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Common symptoms of cervical spondylotic myelopathy:
-Clumsy or weak hands -Leg weakness or stiffness -Neck stiffness -Pain in shoulders or arms -Unsteady gait Common signs: -Atrophy of the hand musculature -Hyperreflexia -... sign (electric shock-like sensation down the center of the back following flexion of the neck) -Sensory loss |
Lhermitte's
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the characteristic symptoms of ... are stiff neck, severe headache, and fever.
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meningitis
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