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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Dependent demand
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Demand for items that are subassemblies or component parts to be used in the production of finished goods.
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Material requirements planning (MRP)
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A computer-based information system that translates master schedule requirements for end items into time-phased requirements for subassemblies, components, and raw materials.
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Master schedule
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One of three primary inputs in MRP; states which end items are to be produced, when these are needed, and in what quantities.
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Cumulative lead time
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The sum of the lead times that sequential phases of a process require, from ordering of parts or raw materials to completion of final assembly.
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Bill of materials (BOM)
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One of the three primar inputs of MRP; a listing of all of the raw materials, parts, subassemblies, and assemblies needed to produce one unit of a product.
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Product structure tree
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A visual depiction of the requirements in a bill of materials, where all components are listed by levels.
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Low-level coding
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Restructuring the bill of materials so that multiple occurrences of a component all coincide with the lowest level at which the component occurs.
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Inventory records
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One of the three primary inputs in MRP; includes information on the status of each item by time period.
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Gross requirements
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Total expected demand for an item or raw material in a time period.
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Scheduled receipts
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Open orders scheduled to arrive from vendors or elsewhere in the pipeline.
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Projected on hand
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Expected amount of inventory that will be on hand at the beginning of each time period.
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Net requirements
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The actual amount needed in each time period.
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Planned-order receipts
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Quantity expected to be received by the beginning of the period in which it is shown.
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Planned-order releases
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Planned amount to order in each time period; planned-order receipts offset by lead time.
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Pegging
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The process of identifying the parent items that have generated a given set of material requirements for an item.
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Regenerative system
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Approach that updates MRP records periodically.
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Net-change system
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Approach that updates MRP records continuously.
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Planned orders
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Schedule indicating the amount and timing of future orders.
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Order releases
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Authorization for the execution of planned orders.
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Changes
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Revisions of due dates or order quantities, or cancellations of orders.
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Performance-control reports
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Evaluation of system operation, including deviations from plans and cost information.
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Planning reports
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Data useful for assessing future material requirements.
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Exception reports
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Data on any major discrepancies encountered.
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Lot sizing
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Choosing a lot size for ordering or production.
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Backflushing
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Exploding an end item's BOM to determine the quantities of the components that were used to make the item.
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Manufacturing resources planning (MRP II)
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Expanded approach to production resource planning, involving other areas of a firm in the planning process and enabling capacity requirements planning.
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Capacity requirements planning
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The process of determining short-range capacity requirements.
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Time fences
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Series of time intervals during which order changes are allowed or restricted; the nearest fence is most restrictive to change, the farthest is least restrictive.
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Load reports
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Department or work center reports that compare known and expected future capacity requirements with projected capacity availability.
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Distribution requirements planning (DRP)
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A system for inventory management and distribution planning.
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Enterprise resource planning (ERP)
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Integration of financial, manufacturing, and human resources on a single computer system.
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