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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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neonatal chemical conjunctivitis
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2/2 silver nitrate or erythromycin; occurs within 24 hours of birth; no purulent discharge
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neonatal gonorrheal conjunctivitis
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look for gonorrhea in mom; onset day of life 2-5!!
tx topical erythomycin and IV or IM ceftriaxone |
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neonatal chlamydial conjunctivitis
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onset day of life 5-14!!
tx PO erythromycin to prevent chlamydial pneumonia |
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viral conjunctivitis p/w:
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preauricular LAD
watery clear discharge h/o swimming pools tx supportively |
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dacrocystitis is:
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obstruction lacrimal duct leading to infection with Staph or group A Strep
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trachoma is:
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chlamydia infection; follicular conjunctivitis with neovascularization of cornea; a/w concurrent nasopharyngeal infection and nasal discharge; tx PO doxy or erythro
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open angle glaucoma
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painless progressive loss of peripheral vision; tx timolol drops, PGs, acetazolamide, pilocarpin, trabeculectomy
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closed angle glaucoma
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sudden painful complete vision loss in one eye; fixed mid-dilated pupil! emergency IV mannitol and pilocarpine drops!!
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DDx of sudden unilateral painless vision loss: (6)
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1. central retinal a. occlusion
2. central retinal v. occlusion 3. optic neuritis 4. vitreous hemorrhage 5. stroke/TIA 6. retinal detachment |
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DDx of sudden unilateral PAINFUL vision loss: (4)
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1. trauma
2. optic neuritis 3. closed angle glaucoma 4. migraine HA |
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tx for central retinal artery occlusion
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eyeball massage and O2
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gray elevated retina and very acute complete vision loss in older patient
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retinal detachment
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marked change in color perception, central scotoma, pain on eye movement, swollen optic disc in 20 year old woman
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optic neuritis
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DDx of sudden bilateral vision loss: (3)
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1. conversion disorder
2. methanol poisoning 3. UV exposure (tanning, skiing, welding?) |
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DDx gradual vision loss: (many)
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1. cataracts
2. closed angle glaucoma 3. diabetes 4. macular degeneration 5. tumor or meningitis 6. eye infection 7. optic neuritis 8. papilledema 9. presbyopia 10. uveitis |
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most common cause of white reflex in kids
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congenital cataracts
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most common cause of blindness in adults < 50
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diabetic retinopathy
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who to screen for open angle glaucoma?
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1. black
2. > 40 3. family hx 4. diabetic |
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progressive bilateral central vision loss; a/w drusen on fundoscopy
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macular degeneration
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ethambutal can cause this eye problem...
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optic neuritis
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constricted nonreactive pupil with pain, blurry vision, hazy cornea, perilimbal injection
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uveitis
tx corticosteroids |
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sudden onset fever, unilateral proptosis, ophthalmoplegia, decreased acuity, swollen red eyelid
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orbital cellulitis!!
1. BCx 2. IV broad spec abx 3. CT scan to look for abscess |
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hordeolum
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(aka stye)
painful red lump near lid margin; tx warm compress |
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chalazion
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painless lump away from lid margin; tx warm compress
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conjunctivitis then vesicular lid eruption, then dendritis keratitis seen with fluorescein
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herpes simplex keratitis
tx idoxuridine. trifluridine |
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pale fundus with red fovea (cherry red spot in macula)
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central retinal artery occlusion
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painless vision loss with opaque yellow-white fluffy/granular lesions near retinal vessels and hemorrhages but no conjunctivitis
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CMV retinitis, seen when CD4 < 50
tx foscarnet, ganciclovir |
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dx corneal abrasion
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slit lamp exam with fluorescein
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strabismus beyond how old needs a ophtho referral?
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3 months!
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pupil is blown; eye is down and out and can only move laterally
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CN III
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when gaze is medial, cannot look down
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CN IV
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loss of corneal blink reflex
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CN V and CN VII
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do not give ??? in herpes simplex keratitis!!
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corticosteroids!
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optic glioma seen in which autosomal dominant disorder?
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NF 1
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sympathetic ophthalmia
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damage of one eye after a penetrating injury to the other eye, thought to be 2/2 uncovering hidden eye antigens
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left homonymous hemianopsia with macular sparing
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right occipital lobe, from PCA occlusion
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