Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Classify possible complications of cataract surgery
|
Anesthetic complications; surgical complications
|
|
|
What r d possible anesthetic complications ff cataract surgery
|
Failure of anesthesia; needle can penetrate d globe; brainstem anesthesia n death; retrobulbar hemorrhage;
|
|
|
What r d surgical intraop complications of cataract surgery
|
Hyphaema; injury to iris; injury to cornea; posterior capsule tear; vitreous loss;
|
|
|
What r d immediate post-op complications of cataract surgery
|
Iris prolapse; striate keratopathy; corneal edema (hazy); hyphema; iritis; elevated IOP; endophthalmitis
|
|
|
What r d late post-op complications of cataract surgery
|
Cystoid macular edema; glaucoma; retinal detachment
|
|
|
What do u do in examination of d eye
|
visual acuity; examine lids, lashes, eyeball, conjuctiva, cornea, anterior chamber depth etc
|
|
|
What r eye ball causes of proptosis
|
retinoblastoma; melanoma
|
|
|
What r vascular causes of proptosis
|
capillary hemangioma; cavernous hemangioma; lymphangioma; orbital varices
|
|
|
What r soft tissue causes of proptosis
|
inflamm conditions eg thyroid eye dx, orbital myositis, pseudotumor, tolosa hunt tumour; tumors eg optic nn glioma; cysts eg dermoid; infiltrative conditions eg lymphoma
|
|
|
What is enucleation
|
removal of d whole eye; rectus mzs r transacted; optic nerve severed
|
|
|
What is evisceration
|
involves removing d contents of d eye 2ru an incision in d sclera coat leaving extraocular mzs n optic nn attached to sclera
|
|
|
What investigations shd be done in proptosis
|
Baseline eg FBC; skull Xray – water’s view, caldwell’s view, Rahase view; CT scan; MRI
|
|
|
What does Caldwell’s view show
|
orbit
|
|
|
What does Waters view show
|
maxillary sinuses
|
|
|
What does Rahase view show
|
optic canal
|
|
|
What r d causes of corneal opacity
|
injuries due to chemical burns/trauma; exposure keratopathy; infx eg keratitis; trachoma; leprosy
|
|
|
What r d uses of viscoelastic in ophthalmology
|
lubricate corneal epithelium; protect corneal endothelium; deep anterior chamber; arrest bleeding; lubricate post capsule
|
|
|
What r d qualities of viscoelastic
|
clear/colourless; inert; gelatinous; sterile;
|
|
|
What r d problems of viscoelastic
|
increased IOP -> glaucoma
|
|
|
What r d uses of N/S in ophthalmology
|
dilate pupil; prevent bleeding; moisten cornea; inflate eye; remove debris
|
|
|
Why do u wash gloved hands with NS b4 Sx
|
to prevent talcophthalmitis
|
|
|
What r d parts of a PCIOL
|
optic part; haptic part
|
|
|
Introduce viscoelastic
|
a material used to substitute for aqueous humor lost n to protect d corneal epithelium
|
|
|
What r d things to look out for on Fundoscopy
|
Color of disc; cup disc ratio; vessels; margins; macula
|
|
|
What r d risk factors of open angle glaucoma
|
incr age; genetics; black race;
|
|
|
Classify causes of 2ry open angle glaucoma
|
pre-trabecular; trabecular; post-trabecular
|
|
|
What r d pre-trabecular causes of 2ry open angle glaucoma
|
epithelial ingrowth ff cataract sx; fibrovvlar prolif in front of trabecular meshwork; membranes over meshwork
|
|
|
What r d trabecular causes of 2ry open angle glaucoma
|
|
|
|
What r d causes of 2ry angle closure glaucoma
|
complicated cataract, intumescent cataract; intraocular tumor; trauma
|
|
|
What r d risk factors for pterygium
|
UV radiation; chronic irritation
|
|
|
How can pterygium present
|
innocuous; irritation; itching; blurring of vision;
|
|
|
What r d indications for pterygium excision
|
visual affectation; cosmetic indications; inflammation with pain n all
|
|
|
Classify blindness n visual impairment
|
VA < 3/60 = blind; VA 3/60 -6/18 = low vision; VA 6/18 n better = normal
|
|
|
What r d 5 common causes of blindness in Ngr
|
cataract; glaucoma; trachoma; onchocerciasis; corneal opacity (most of dem r avoidable)
|
|
|
What r d possible complications of pterygium excision
|
corneal perforation; scleral perforation; sclera necrosis; infx eg endopht; inadvertent disinsertion of medial rectus; cataract; retinal necrosis
|
