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61 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Tx for extramacular TRD?
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observation. Treat when threat of mac detach
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ICG pattern in EAMD most useful in directing laser Tx
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Hotspot
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3 signs of CNVM
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Pigment ring or mound
SR heme oval or round grayish-white SR lesion |
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Retinal changes in Louis-Bar
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none (aka ataxia-telangiectasia)
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Name findings in retinitis pigmentosa besides pigmentary changes
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attenuated arteries, waxy pallor of ON, cataract, vitritis, CME, ONH drusen
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Juxtapapillary CNVM
1. Which organism should you consider 2.Region of highest incidence? |
1. histoplasmosis (POHS)
2. Ohio-Mississipi River Valley |
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In RP which cells are damaged?
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Rods
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Identify eight things that have CME without leakage
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JUNG & Restless use AT&T:
Juvenile XL retinoschesis, Usher's, Nicotinic acid, Goldman-Favre, RP, Abraxane, Taxotere, Taxol |
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Psuedoxanthoma elasticum
1. Ocular findings 2. systemic findings |
1. angioid streaks, ONH drusen, peau-d-orange retina
2. plucked chicken skin, AVM's, gi bleeds |
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Identify three disorders that will give heme pre, intra and subretinal
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macroaneurysms, shaken baby/trauma, sickle cell
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a patient with a short eye and thickened sclera results in recurrent effusions.
1. name this syndrome 2. why does it occur 3. Tx |
1. uveal effusion syndrome
2. thickened sclera causes a constriction on vortex veins 3. sclerotomies around the vortex veins |
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Tx for RD associated with CMV
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VTx, sil oil, endolaser
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Pars plana cysts
1. how common? 2. contain 3. assoc Dz |
1. 16-18% of population
2. mucopolysaccharidoses 3. Multiple myloma (but not diagnostic) |
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Retinoschisis layers:
1. juvenile X-linked 2. Reticular 3. involutional |
1. NFL
2. NFL 3. OPL |
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Gyrate atrophy
1. deficient enzyme 2. increased molecule 3. chromosome |
1. Ornithine aminotransferase
2. ornithine 3. 10 |
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Are ERG amplitudes reduced in carriers of:
1. Juv Xlinked RP 2. Choroderemia |
1. yes
2. no |
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Most common location of tears following PVD?
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between 10 & 2
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Pathophysiology of commotio
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disruption of photoreceptors
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Order of retinal tears following blunt trauma
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dialysis>Giant RT> flap tears > tears from lattice
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Prognosis of shaken baby syndrome?
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poor, due to macular scars
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signs of DIC
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Serous RD, RPE changes, fibrinoid necrosis of choriocapillaris
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FA findings of solar/photic retinopathy
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acute: hyperFL/staining, no leak
longterm: hyperFL/window |
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Most common complication of MFC
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CNVM
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what physiologic factor predisposes to choroidal effusion following PRP?
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Short axial length (<23mm)
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What physiologic factor protects against PDR?
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Complete PVD
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Tx for ROP can have what kind of long tern effects?
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Decreased night vision (decreased rods), loss of K sensation or accomodation (involvement of long ciliary nerves)
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What is the % of spontaneous regression of ROP
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85%
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Uncommon causes of RAO
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fat emboli, cardiac myxoma, talc, mitral valve prolapse, vasculitides, connective tissue d/o's
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Most common cause of bull's eye maculopathy
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Cone dystrophy
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Up to which layer does the retinal vascularity provide O2/nutrients
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inner nuclear layer
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Paving stone degeneration represents what pathology?
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Occlusion of the choroid
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Which Dz (VKH or SO) involves the choroid?
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VKH
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Describe the Purkinje shift
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a shift in peak spectral sensitivity from 555nm to 505nm with dark adaptation
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What is an abnormal Arden ratio?
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<1.75
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1. ataxia, pigmentary retinopathy, deaf, cardiac myopathy - name Dz?
2. age range 3. abnormal lab 4. Tx |
1. Refsum's Dz
2. infantile and adult forms 3. Elevated phytanic acid 4. dietary restriction |
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Abnormal EOG in what medications?
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chloroquine & hydroxychloroquine (late finding, not good for screening)
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What is the minimum frequency to isolate cones in ERG?
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20-25Hz
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Normalization of scotopic ERG after 4-8 hrs of dark adaptation is a hallmark of what? Why?
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fundus albipunctatus
prolonged rhodopsin regeneration rate |
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Prevalence of cobblestoning in adults?
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22%
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Prevalence of lattice in adults?
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10%
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Portion of symptomatic PVD's with hole/tear?
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10%
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Percentage of patients with nonischemic CRVO that will progress to NV?
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5%
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Prevalence of AMD in Americans >55 y/o
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1 in 10,000
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Most important aspect of pneumatic retinopexy
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surface tension
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annual incidence of CNV of fellow eye in POHS and unilateral CNV
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2%
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Percentage of patients that have progressive POHS over 5-15yrs
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15-20%
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describe the clinical differnces of fundus albipuncatas, retinitis punctata albescens, and familial drusen
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all have multiple white/cream appearing lesions in the midperiphery. RPA has attenuated vessels, FD has non-uniform lesions that form grapelike clusters
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What fatal condition can be associated with AMPE?
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cerebral vasculitis
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phacomatoses with seizures?
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The ones with a capital S
Sturge-Weber Tuberous Sclerosis (Bourneville's) |
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Phacomatoses that are sporadic?
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Those with a capital W in the name:
Sturge-Weber Wyburn Mason |
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Key aspects in color deficit naming
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Pro = red
Deu = green Tri = blue |
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describe pigmented retinal lesion seen in a Gardner's syndrome
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increased central pigment with lighter halo and a tail pointing to the ONH
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Difference in RF's for BRVO vs CRVO
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DM is a RF for CRVO but NOT BRVO
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Radiation retinopathy.
1. When does it occur? 2. Tx? |
1. ~18mo after rad Tx
2. similar to DM |
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Vitreo retinal tufts
1. name the different types 2. what are the associated RD risks |
noncystic: no RD risk
Cystic: <1% risk of RD Zonular traction: 2-10% risk of RD |
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Choroideremia
1. inheritance 2. onset |
1. Xlinked recessive
2. late childhood |
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Annual w/u for patients with VHL?
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imaging of the head, abd, and urinalysis
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Stary Sky DDx
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LSU Cheerleaders Hate Playing Volleyball on Mondays
Lupus SO Uveal effusion syndrome CSCR Hypotony maculopathy Posterior scleritis VKH MCP and malignant hypertension |
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Peripheral NV DDx
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Fires of Thor
FEVR Incontinentia pigmenti ROP Eales Dz Sickle Cell Talc hyperviscosity OIS Retinoschisis |
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FA findings in ocular ischemic syndrome?
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leaking veins in late FA
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Stargardt's
1. inheritance 2. early appearance |
1. AR>>AD
2. beaten metal |