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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is Operation Management?
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is the set of activities that creates value in the form of goods and services by transforming inputs into outputs.
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what are the 3 functions to create goods and services?
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Marketing
Production/ operations finance/ accounting |
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Why Operations Management are important?
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-to understand how people organize themselves for productive enterprise.
-to understand how goods and services are produced. - understand what operations managers do. -it is costly part of the operation. |
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What operation managers do?
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The management process consist of planning, organizing, staffing, leading and controlling.
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What are the ten OM strategies?
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-design of goods and services
-managing quality -process strategy -location strategy -layout strategy -human resources -supply chain management -inventory management -scheduling -maintenance |
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OM history
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Eli Whitney- intechangable parts, standardization, quality control and premium price.
Frederick Taylor- father of scientific mgmt- matiching employee to the right job, proper training, working methods and tolls, oncentives for accomplishment. Henry Ford and Charles Sorensen- standarized parts and assembly lines. Walter Shewart- statistical sampling in qulity control. - information technology |
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What are the differences between goods and services?
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-services are intangible
-services are produced and consumed simultaneously -unique -high customer interaction -inconsitent product definition -knowledge based -dispersed |
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attributes of goods
-product can be resold -product can be inventoried -some aspects of quality are measurable -selling is distinct from production -product is transportable -site of facility is important for cost -often easy to automate -revenue is primarily generated from tangible product |
attributes of services
-reselling aservice is unusual -many services cannot be inventoried -many aspects of quality are difficult to measure -selling is often a part of the service -provider, not product, is often transportable -site of facility is important for customer contact -service is often difficult to automate -revenue is generated primarily from the intangible services |
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What is Pure service?
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a service that does not include a tangible product.
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what are the new trends in OM?
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-global focus
-just in-time performance -supply chain partnering:shorter product life, outsourcing. -rapid product development: alliances -mass customization: customized products -empowered employee -environmentally sensitive production -ethics |
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What is productivity?
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ratio of outputs divided by one or more inputs
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how can productive be achieved
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-reducing inputs= output constant
-increasing output= inputs constant increasing productivity improve standard of living |
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Single factor productivity - indicates the ratio of one resource to the goods and services produced
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productivity = units produced/ input used
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Multifactor productivity - indicates the ratio of many or all resources to the goods and services produced
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productivity= output/ labor+ material + energy + capital+ miscellaneous
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What are the measurement problems?
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-quality may change inputs and outputs
-external elements cause increase or decrease productivity -precise units of measure may lack |
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Measurement in service sector
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-what people want- convenience, speed and safety
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What are the productivity variables?
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labor (10%), capital (38%), management (52%)
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How to improve productivity by LABOR?
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- healtier, better educated, better nourished and shorter workweek.
-basic education -diet - labor availability- transportation- sanitation |
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How to improve productivity by LABOR in developed nations
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maintaning and enhancing the skills of labor.
-better utilized labor with stronger commitment problems -increased difficulty and expense. |
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How to improve productivity by CAPITAL?
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humans are tool used capital
- inflation and taxes improve the costs |
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How to improve productivity by MANAGEMENT
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management is a factor of production and economic resource
-ensuring that labor and capital are effective increase productivity. -use technology and knowledge effectively -effective use of capital |
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What are knowledge societies?
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a society where most of the labor force has migrated from manual work to work based on knowledge
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Why is productivity of labor sector difficult to improve?
-low productivity are attributed by low productivity activities |
- it usually labor intensive
- focus on unique individual - intelectual task performed - dificult to mechanize and automate - difficult to evaluate for quality |
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What are the ethics and social resposability with constant changes and challenges?
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efficiently developing and producing safe, quality products
- clean environment - safe workplace - honoring community commitments |
