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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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file system
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A hierarchical collection of key/value pairs, where the values are streams of bytes of arbitrary length
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library calls
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An invocation of code present inside of a process that was loaded into the process at runtime
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function calls
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An invocation of code present inside of a process that was included when the program was compiled
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library
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An indexed collection of object files that may be linked into a program
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kernel
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The part of the operating system that runs in supervisor mode on the CPU and has the code that is run for all interrupts
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environment var
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A variable that can be accessed within the current process and in child processes
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file
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A stream of bytes associated with a hierarchical name
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fork
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A system call that creates a new process by creating a logical copy of the current process
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process
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The main abstraction for running programs that gives each program its own memory and virtual CPU
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signal
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A type of inter-process communication that is also used in UNIX to manage processes
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zombie process
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A process that has terminated but its parent has not retrieved its return value
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execve
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A system call that loads an executable into the current process and runs it (erasing the process's old code and data)
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shell var
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A variable that can only be accessed within the current shell
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system call
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The API used by a process to access outside resources (disk/user input/network)
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block device
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A UNIX device abstraction that is primarily used for persistent storage devices
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device driver
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Code that runs in the kernel and abstracts access to a specific piece of hardware
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make
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A program that directs the compilation of other programs
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logical size of a file
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The size of a file as seen by a program accessing that file
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root filesystem
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A set of files and directories that must exist on every UNIX system
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fsck
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If you have to interact with this program, files may have been corrupted
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/proc
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A virtual filesystem that allows access to kernel state in mostly human-readable formats
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/dev
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The part of the filesystem normally used to give names to connected hardware
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/sys
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A virtual filesystem that allows access to kernel state where every file stores exactly one value
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extents
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Sequential ranges of blocks used to store file data
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character device
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A UNIX device abstraction that allows byte-level access to hardware (input and/or output). It is often used today to represent keyboards, mice, and printers
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lsmod
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A command for listing the modules loaded into the kernel
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pseudo tty
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A UNIX device that virtualizes keyboard input and text output
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kernel oops
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Happens when the kernel detects an internal error, such as access to an illegal memory location, that can generally be recovered from
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superblock
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The block that stores metadata about a filesystem needed to properly mount it
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mount
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Command to make the contents of a filesystem accessible
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kernel module
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Code that is loaded into to the kernel at runtime in order to add (or change) kernel functionality
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inode
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An on-disk data structure that stores file metadata including length, modification times, and ownership information
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root user
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The user account on a UNIX system with the highest level of privileges
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