Oncology

Front 1

lysis syndrome

Back 1

Large amounts of phosphate, potassium, and uric acid are released into the circulation from lysed cells

Front 2

Start

Back 2

1-Acute leukemia is the most common 2-(CNS) tumors,

3-lymphomas,

4-sarcomas of soft tissue and bone

Front 3

Lactate dehydrogenase and uric acid are often elevated in fast-growing tumors

Back 3

Urine homovanillic acid and vanillylmandelic acid = neuroblastoma

AFP = hepatoblastoma

Front 4

Chemo drug SE

Back 4

-Doxorubicin = cardiac damage

-cisplatin = renal damage&ototoxicity

-cyclophosphamide and ifosfamide =hemorrhagic cystitis

-vincristine =peripheral neuropathy

Front 5

NHL types

Back 5

3 types

1-small noncleaved cell (Burkitt lymphoma [BL]),

2-lymphoblastic,

3-large cell.

For simplicity, these may be regarded as B cell, T cell, and large cell (which may be of B-cell or T-cell origin

Front 6

HL classification

Reed sternberg cell

Back 6

stage,

nodal bulk,

the presence of B symptoms,

the serum albumin at presentation

Front 7

M/F ratio

Back 7

medulloblastoma and ependymoma, males are more affected than females

Front 8

MS stage neuroblastoma

Back 8

unique category of neuroblastoma, stage MS, is defined in infants (<18 months old) with metastases limited to skin, liver, or bone marrow. It is generally associated with a favorable outcome.

Front 9

sarcoma

Back 9

Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), the most common soft tissue sarcoma in children, is derived from mesenchymal cells of muscle lineage

Front 10

Bone morrow biopsy

Back 10

Leukemia > 25%

Lymphoma 5%-25%

Front 11

Transient myeloproliferative disorderTMD

Back 11

megakoryoblast in pre smear

80%Spontinous regression 3-7 months

20%-30% TMD develop AML by 4 year of age

Front 12

AML

Back 12

Gingival hypertrophy unique but rare

Front 13

Burkitt lymphoma

Back 13

starry sky

Front 14

Neoroblastoma

Back 14

MIBG scan

Front 15

NF1

Back 15

optic nerve glioma

Front 16

Typhlitis

Neutropenic entrocolitis

Back 16

polymictobial

severe ANC

Dx CT abdomen

Front 17

Retinoblastoma

Back 17

Rb gene analysis

Front 18

Mediastinal mass

Back 18

Anterior = lymphoma leukemia

Posterior = neuroblastoma , ganglioneriblastoma , ganglioneuroma

Front 19

EMergency radiation therapy

Back 19

SVCS

spinal cord compression

Inceased ICP

Front 20

Pulmonary fibrosis is a side effect of

Back 20

Bleomycin

Front 21

cardiomyopathy may be related to

Back 21

anthracycline

Front 22

topoisomerase II inhibitors

Back 22

⬆ risk of leukemia

Front 23

The MOST common chromosomal translocation in pediatric ALL t(12;21

Back 23

20%

Good prognosis

Front 24

The commonest translocation in infantile ALL is

Back 24

t (4:11)

Front 25

very high risk group ALL

Back 25

Hypodiplopy

t(9:11) dislocation

Front 26

histopathological subtype in childhood Hodgkin disease

Back 26

10% to 15% have lymphocyte predominant,

50% to 60% have nodular sclerosis, 30% have mixed cellularity, and

less than 5% have lymphocyte depletion

Front 27

cerebellar astrocytoma

Back 27

most common cns tumor 20%

Front 28

Cerebellar mutism syndrome

Back 28

25% after posterior fosso resection

Front 29

hereditary retinoblastoma have an increased risk for

Back 29

osteosarcoma

500 fold

Front 30

MOST common site for Ewing sarcoma is

Back 30

pelvis & femur

Front 31

common site for osteosarcoma is

Back 31

distal femor , proximal tibia

Front 32

ewing sarcoma vs osteosarcoma

Back 32

systemic Sx in ewing

Front 33

metastasis of osteosarcoma is

Back 33

to lungs

Front 34

Drug causes secondry malignancy

Back 34

etoposide early within 2 year

cyclophosphonamide within 5 years

Front 35

aniridia and hemihypertrophy i

Back 35

Wilm's tumor

Front 36

granulocytic sarcoma mass AML

Back 36

t(8:21)

Front 37

recombinant urate oxidase

Back 37

Tx tumor lysis syndrome

Front 38

round blue cells

Back 38

A. neuroblastoma

B. non-Hodgkin lymphoma

D. Ewing sarcoma

E. rhabdomyosarcoma

Front 39

stage 4 s neuroblastoma

Pepper syndrome

Back 39

infant <1 year , subc.nodules , massive liver envolvment ,limited bone morrow disease , no bone mets

Front 40

mesoblastic nephroma

Back 40

before 6 mnths

wilm's after 6 month

Front 41

clear cell sarcoma mets

Back 41

Bone frist

Front 42

rhabdomyosarcoma

Back 42

Alveolar trunk & extrimities

Front 43

osteosarcoma

Back 43

radio- resistance

Front 44

confirmatory diagnostic evaluation of retinoblastoma

Back 44

examination under general anesthesia by an experienced ophthalmologist

Front 45

alpha fetoprotein (AFP) level

Back 45

8 months

Front 46

chemotherapeutic agent in GCTs

Back 46

Ciplastin

Front 47

Hepatoblastoma

Back 47

familial adenomatous polyposis

B. Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome

C. prematurity

D. low birth weight

epithelial type of pure fetal histology

Best outcome

Front 48

Hemangiomas

Back 48

Females

premature

infant of woman who had chorionic villus sampling

Front 49

LCH

Back 49

Bone is the most common site of involvement by LCH. About 50% of patients experience skin involvement at some time during the course of disease. Localized or disseminated lymphadenopathy is present in approximately 33% of patients. Otitis media is present in 30-40% of patients. In 10-15% of patients, pulmonary infiltrates are found on radiography. The lesions may range from diffuse fibrosis and disseminated nodular infiltrates to diffuse cystic changes

Front 50

NF type 1

Back 50

chromsome 17

Front 51

Teratoma

Sacrococcygeal

Back 51

most commom brain tumor in neonates

Front 52

chloroma

Back 52

AML t(8:21)

Front 53

Acute premyolocytic leukemia t(15;17)

Back 53

DIC , AML M3

Auer rods , respons to retinoic acid

Front 54

AML M7

Back 54

down syndrom <5 years

Front 55

alkylating agents cause malignancy

Back 55

Osteosarcoma & AML

Front 56

Kaposi sarcoma Human herpes virus

Back 56

Cervical cncer , Human papilloma virus

Front 57

carboplatin

Back 57

hearing loss

D. Gonadal dysfunction and procarbazine

Front 58

immature blast cells

Back 58

Dx leukemia

Front 59

PH cromsome

Back 59

tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in Ph-positive ALL has resulted in significant improvements in outcomes

Front 60

HL & NHL

Back 60

The etiologies are multifactorial; both congenital and acquired immuno- deficiencies are more commonly associated with NHL,

the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) has been associated with both HL and NHL

Front 61

Ependymoma

Back 61

Mean age 6 years , posterior phosso

Younger poor prognosis

Radiologically, it appears like a well-circumscribed lesion with variable enhancement

Front 62

frieser syndrome

Back 62

Features of (Male pseudohermaphroditism with female external genitalia, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and gonadoblastoma) are linked to Wilms tumor