Oncogenes And Oncogenic Viruses

Front 1

Name viruses causes Adult T cell leukemia (ATL)

Back 1

Human T cell lymphocytic virus (HTLV1 and 2)

Front 2

Name virus causing Kaposi sarcoma

Back 2

HHV 8

Front 3

Name virus causing liver cancer

Back 3

HBV and HCV

Front 4

Name virus causing Burkitts lymphoma and nasopharyngeal cancer

Back 4

EBV

Front 5

Name virus causing cervical, anal, oral and skin cancer

Back 5

HPV

Front 6

Normal cellular gene that regulates growth or development

Back 6

Proto oncogene

Front 7

What is the main function of proto oncogenes

Back 7

Regulate cell signaling pathways (signal transduction)

Front 8

Mutated cellular or viral gene that regulates growth or development

Back 8

ONCOGENE

Front 9

This process occurs when normal cell stars to express oncogene instead of proto oncogene

Back 9

Oncogenic transformation

Front 10

2 types of mutations that can occur in proto oncogene

Back 10

Coding region mutation and promoter region mutation

Front 11

This type of mutation causes production of abnormal oncogene

Back 11

Coding region mutation

Front 12

This type of mutation can lead to unregulated protein production

Back 12

Mutation in promoter region

Front 13

2 types of translocation of DNA during replication that can lead to gene rearrangements and expression of oncogene

Back 13

Proto oncogene can be placed under control of STRONG PROMOTER or enhancer sequence

FUSION PROTEIN formation --> stimulation of cell growth

Front 14

Describe DNA translocation responsible for Burkitts lymphoma

Back 14

8:14 rearrangement can cause c-myc gene to be placed under control of strong promoter for IMMUNOGLOBULIN HEAVY CHAIN, makes very high levels of c myc and causes cellular growth to be induced in WBC

Front 15

Name translocation responsible for philadelphia chromosome and which disease does it cause

What is mutated

Back 15

9:22 translocation results in development of AML

TYROSINE KINASE is mutated and causes increased production of B cells

Front 16

Example of fusion protein

Back 16

Philadelphia chromosome AML/CML

Front 17

Pathophysiology of cancer caused by HTLV 1

Back 17

INCREASE production of IL2 - a cytokine that stimulates T cell division

Tax protein induces IL2 --> T cell proliferation--> chromosomal abnormalities and malignant transformation

Front 18

How is HTLV 1 transmitted

Back 18

Blood supply, IV use, sexual contact, BREAST MILK

Front 19

Who is at risk for HTLV1 virus

Back 19

Same risk factors as for HIV - sexual contact, IV drug use

Front 20

Patient presents with lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, skin lesions. Medical history is positive for 3 infections with Pneumocystis carinii in past 4 months

Back 20

HTLV 1

Front 21

BM biopsy shows clover leaf or flower shaped nuclei of T cells

Diagnosis

Back 21

HTLV 1

Front 22

42 year old female presents with difficulty in walking, limb weakness, some sensory loss and loss of bladder and bowel control, she is found to have HTLV1 virus -what is the diagnosis

Back 22

HTLV 1 associated myelopathy = Tropical spastic paresis or Chronic progressive myelopathy, resembles MS

Front 23

Treatment for ATL

Back 23

Chemotherapy + corticosteroids for HTLV1 associated myelopathy

AZT and interferon alpha are used but limited success

Front 24

Prevention for HTLV1

Back 24

Condoms, no breast feeding in infected women, NO VACCINE

Front 25

Incidence of HTLV 2 is higher among what population

Back 25

Native Americans

Front 26

What type of cells is involved in Kaposi sarcoma

Back 26

Endothelial cells and B lymhocytes

Front 27

HHV 8 virus causes _

Back 27

Kaposi sarcoma (also some B cell lymphomas)

Front 28

What type of virus is HHV8

Back 28

DNA, double stranded

Front 29

Route of transmission of HHV 8

Back 29

Sexual contact

Front 30

Biopsy reveals spindle shaped vascular endothelial cells - diagnosis

Back 30

HHV8

Front 31

This treatment is used for treatment of Kaposi sarcoma in early stage AIDS patients

Back 31

Interferon alpha

Front 32

Serotypes of HPV that cause common skin warts

Back 32

HPV 1-4

Front 33

Most common causes of genital infections - serotypes of HPV infections

Back 33

6 and 11

Front 34

High risk serotypes of HPV causing anal, cervical, anal and penile cancers

Back 34

HPV 16, 18, 31, 33

Front 35

Gardasil is effective against which serotypes of HPV

Back 35

6, 11, 16, 18

Front 36

Oncoprotein made by HPV virus that stimulates production of S phase cyclin and thus promotin gcell division

Back 36

E7

Front 37

Oncoprotein made by HPV virus that blocks p53 action

Back 37

E6

Front 38

Function of proteins E6 and E7 in HPV cancer formation

Back 38

Increase cell cycle and cell division

Front 39

Which of the diagnostic tests CAN NOT be used in detection of HPV

Back 39

Can not be grown in cell culture and do not use serology, use DNA hybridization or PCR

Front 40

Anti mitotic that can be used to treat external anal or genital warts

Back 40

Podophylin

Front 41

New drug that has less side effects than podophylin and may be useful in treating cancer = activates T cells

Back 41

Imiquimod (aldara)