Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What is the scientific name for river blindness
|
Onchocerciasis
|
|
|
What is the pathogen for river blindness? What phylum does it belongs to?
|
Onchocerca volvulus
-nematoda or round worms |
|
|
How long can a adult worm be?
|
-femal half a meter male smaller
|
|
|
What is vector of river blindness
|
black flies
|
|
|
how does transmission occurs?
|
by the bite of the black fly
|
|
|
what is the ideal habitat for larvae of black fly
|
fast flowing rivers, back of stones
|
|
|
what type of mouthparts does black fly have?
|
telmophage
|
|
|
what are the attractants for the blackfly
|
sight, smell, heat
|
|
|
approximately, how far can blackfly fly?
|
40 miles
|
|
|
back flies are:
|
diurnal
females bite have Wolbachia symbiont |
|
|
explain transmission cycle
|
-
|
|
|
What causes the symptoms of Oncho?
|
dead and degenerating microfilariae in skin
|
|
|
How does Wolbachia conribute to symtoms of river blindness?
|
W is released with worms die and body detects antigens and it results in inflammation
|
|
|
Distinguish Oncho symptoms
|
eye lesions - cause blindness
skin lesions - dying worms causing itching and nodules |
|
|
Geographic distribution
|
Africa
|
|
|
Why Oncho cause serious socio-econ impat
|
adults are blind can't work and children need to take care of them
|
|
|
How to diagnose Oncho?
|
skin snip
PCR antibody test |
|
|
Oncho treatable and symptoms reversibe?
|
yes, but blindness not irreversible
|
|
|
know 4 ways to treat Oncho and the target for treatement
|
-Ivermectin (kills microfilariae)
-Albendazole (anti-inflammitory) -DEC (kills worms) -Doxycycline (sterilizes the worms) |
|
|
What coinfection can complicate the treatment and why
|
Loasis
Mazotti reaction |
|
|
What is done the control Oncho?
|
MDA - Ivermectin 1 every 6 months
Spraying larvicide |
|
|
What is goal of elimination of Oncho
|
eliminate by 2015
|
|
|
What is Mazotti reaction and why can this happen with DEC treatment?
|
-severe systemic response
-rapid killing of microfilariae |
