Omt Review- Savarese

Front 1

def. of somatic dysfuncion

Back 1

an impairment or altered function of related components of the somatic system: skeletal, arthrodial, and myofascial structures and related vascular, lymphatic, and neural elements

Front 2

TART

Back 2

tissue texture changes, asymmetry, restriction, tenderness

Front 3

physiologic barrier

Back 3

where patient can actively move any given joint

Front 4

anatomic barrier

Back 4

where physician can passively move any given joint (any movement beyond anatomical barrier will cause ligament, tendon, or skeletal injury)

Front 5

restrictive (pathologic) barrier

Back 5

before the physiologic barrier
-prevents full ROM of joint

Front 6

one subjective component of TART

Back 6

tenderness

Front 7

tissue texture changes
1. acute
2. chronic

Back 7

1. edematous, erythematous, boggy with increased moisture
-muscle hypertonic
2. decreased or no edema, no erythema, cool dry skin, with slight tension
-decreased muscle tone, flaccid, ropy, fibrotic

Front 8

asymmetry
1. acute
2. chronic

Back 8

1. present
2. present with compensation in other areas of the body

Front 9

restriction
1. acute
2. chronic

Back 9

1. present, painful with movement
2. present, decreased or no pain

Front 10

tenderness
1. acute
2. chronic

Back 10

1. severe, sharp
2. dull, achy, burning

Front 11

Fryette's Law #1
1. what is it?
2. which vertebrae

Back 11

1. in neutral position: SB precedes rotation, SB and rotation occur to opposite sides
2. group of vertebrae

Front 12

Fryette's Law #2
1. what is it?
2. which vertebrae?

Back 12

1. in non-neutral (flexed or extended) position: rotation precedes sidebending, sidebending and rotation occur at same side
2. singe vertebral segment

Front 13

Fryette's laws 1 and 2 apply to what levels of the spine

Back 13

thoracic and lumbar (NOT cervical)

Front 14

when referring to segmental motion, or restriction, it si traditional to refer to excessive motion of vertebrae where?

Back 14

ABOVE in a functional vertebral unit (2 vertebrae)

Front 15

if L2 is restricted in motions of flexion, sidebending to the right and rotation to the right

Back 15

L2 E RL SL

Front 16

if T5 is restricted in motions of extension, SB to the left and rotating to the left

Back 16

T5 F RR SR

Front 17

if T5-T10 is not restricted in flexion or extension, but is restricted in SB to the left and rotating to the right

Back 17

T5-T10 N RR SL

Front 18

cervical orientation of superior facet

Back 18

BUM
backward, upward, medial

Front 19

thoracic orientation of superior facet

Back 19

BUL
backward, upward, lateral

Front 20

lumbar orientation of superior facet

Back 20

BM
backward, medial

Front 21

flexion/ extension
1. axis
2. plane

Back 21

1. transverse
2. sagittal

Front 22

rotation
1. axis
2. plane

Back 22

1. vertical
2. transverse

Front 23

sidebending
1. axis
2. plane

Back 23

1. anterior-posterior
2. coronal

Front 24

isotonic contraction

Back 24

muscle contraction that results in approximation of the muscle's origiun and insertion without change in its tension
-operator's force is less than patient's force

Front 25

isometric contraction

Back 25

muscle contraction that results in the increase in tension without an approximation of origin and insertion
-operator's and patient's force are equal

Front 26

islytic contraction

Back 26

-muscle contraction against WHILE FORCING the muscle to lengthen
-operator's force is more than patient's force

Front 27

concentric contraction

Back 27

-muscle contraction that results in approximation of muscle's origin and insertion

Front 28

eccentric contraction

Back 28

-lengthening of muscle during contraction due to an external force

Front 29

direct treatment
1. what is it?

Back 29

-engage restrictive barrier
--body tissues and/or joints are eventually moved through restrictive barrier

Front 30

direct treatment
1. treat T3 was F RR SR
2. if abdominal fascia moved more freely cephalad than caudad

Back 30

1. would extend, rotate and sidebend T3 to the left
2. hold the tissue caudad allowing tissues to stretch

Front 31

indirect treatment
1. what is it?

Back 31

1. practitioner moves tissue and/or joints away from restrictive barrier into direction of freedom

Front 32

Indirect treatment
1. treat T3 F RR SR
2. if abdominal fascia moved more freely cephalad than caudad

Back 32

1. flex, sidebend and rotate T3 to right
2. hold the tissue cephalad allowing tissue to relax

Front 33

active treatment
1. what is it?

Back 33

1. patient will assist treatment, usually in form of isometric or isotonic contraction

Front 34

passive treatment
1. what is it?

Back 34

1. patient will relax and allow practitioner to move body tissues

Front 35

myofascial release
1. direct or indirect
2. active or passive

Back 35

1. both
2. both

Front 36

counterstrain
1. direct or indirect
2. active or passive

Back 36

1. indirect
2. passive

Front 37

facilitated positional release
1. direct or indirect
2. active or passive

Back 37

1. indirect
2. passive

Front 38

muscle energy
1. direct or indirect
2. active or passive

Back 38

1. direct (rarely indirect)
2. active

Front 39

HVLA
1. direct or indirect
2. active or passive

Back 39

1. direct
2. passive

Front 40

osteopathy in the cranial field
1. direct or indirect
2. active or passive

Back 40

1. both
2. passive

Front 41

lymphatic treatment
1. direct or indirect
2. active or passive

Back 41

1. direct
2. passive

Front 42

Chapman's reflexes
1. direct or indirect
2. active or passive

Back 42

1. direct
2. passive

Front 43

elderly patients and hospitalized patients

Back 43

-indirect techniques
-gentle direct techniques

Front 44

HVLA in patient with osteoporosis or mets

Back 44

no b/c possible pathologic fracture

Front 45

acute neck strain/sprains

Back 45

indirect techniques to precent further strain

Front 46

guidelines for dose and frequency of treatment

Back 46

1. sicker patients- limit OMT to few key areas
2. allow pt's body to respond
3. peds can be treated more frequently, geriatric pts. need longer to respond
4. acute cases- shorted interval b/w treatments

Front 47

sequencing for psoas syndrome

Back 47

treat lumbar or thoraco-lumbar spine first

Front 48

sequencing for acute somatic dysfunctions

Back 48

treating peripheral areas will allow accessto acute area

Front 49

appearance of C1

Back 49

atypical
-no spinous process or vertebral body

Front 50

appearance of C2

Back 50

atypical
-has a dens that projects superiorly from its body and articulates with C1

Front 51

cervical articular pillars

Back 51

portion of bone of cervical vertebral segments that lie between superior and inferior facets
-posterior to cervical transverse processes

Front 52

scalenes
1. location
2. aid in what?
3. anterior and middle scalenes help with what?
4. common dysfuction
5. posterior scalene help with what?

Back 52

1. posterior tubercle of TP to rib 1 and rib 2
2. sidbending neck and flexing neck; respiration
3. elevate first rib during forced inhalation
4. tenderpoint in one of the scalenes with 1st or 2nd inhalation rib dys.
5. elevate 2nd rib during forced inhalation

Front 53

SCM
1. location
2. unilateral collection
3. bilateral contraction
4. shortening or restrictions within SCM

Back 53

1. from mastoid process and lateral 1/2 of superior nuchal line to medial 1/3 of the clavicle and sternum
2. sidebend ipsilaterally and rotate contralaterally
3. flex the neck
4. torticollis

Front 54

alar ligament

Back 54

from sides of dens to lateral margins of foramen magnum

Front 55

transverse ligament

Back 55

atlast attaches to lateral masses of C1 to hold dens in place

Front 56

what can weaken ligaments in cervical? can lead to what?

Back 56

RA and Down's
-atlanto-axial sublaxation

Front 57

joint of Luschka

Back 57

-articulation of superior unicinate process and superadjacent vertebrae
-degenerative changes or hypertrophy can lead to foraminal stenosis and nerve root compression

Front 58

upper 7 cervical nerve roots exit where?

Back 58

above their corresponding vertebrae

Front 59

C8 nerve root exit where

Back 59

b/w C7 to T1

Front 60

OA
1. motion

Back 60

1. flexion and extension
-SB and R occur to opposite sides with either flexion or extension
-motion of occipital condyles on atlas (C1)

Front 61

AA
1. motion where
2. movement

Back 61

1. C1 motion on C2
2. only rotation

Front 62

OA
1. main motion
2. SB and R

Back 62

1. flexion and extension
2. opposite side

Front 63

AA
1. main motion
2. SB and R

Back 63

1. rotation
2. opposite sides

Front 64

C2-C4
1. main motion
2. SB and R

Back 64

1. rotation
2. same sides

Front 65

C5-C7
1. main motion
2. SB and R

Back 65

1. sidebendnign
2. same sides

Front 66

OA motion testing

Back 66

1. translation- (right translation=left SB
2. rotation-
3. SB

Front 67

AA motion testing

Back 67

1. rotation

Front 68

C2-C7 motion testing

Back 68

1. translation
2. rotation

Front 69

Cervical formaminal stenosis
1. most common cause of cervical nerve root pressure symptoms
2. location of pain
3. quality of pain
4. signs and symptoms
5. radiology
6. TX

Back 69

1. degenerative changes within the joints of Luschka and hypertrophy of interverebral joints
2. neck pain radiating into UE
3. dull ache, shooting pain, paresthesias
4. increased pain with neck extension, pos. Spurling's test, paraspinal muscle spasm, posterior and anterior cervical tenderpoints
5. osteophyte formation and degenerative joint changes
6. OMT to maintain optimal ROM