Omm Terms Test 4

Front 1

A dysfunctional, persistent pattern, in some cases reversible, resulting when homeostatic mechanisms are partially or totally overwhelmed

Back 1

Decompensation

Front 2

Systems for classifying and recording the preferred directions of fascial motion throughout the body.

Back 2

Fascial patterns

Front 3

The specific finding of alternating fascial motion preference at transitional regions of the body.

Back 3

Common compensatory pattern (CCP)

Front 4

The finding of a alternating fascial motion preference in the direction opposite that of the common compensatory pattern.

Back 4

Uncommon compensatory pattern

Front 5

The finding of fascial preferences that do not demonstrate alternating patterns of findings at transitional regions. Because they occur following stress or trauma, they tend to be symptomatic.

Back 5

Uncompensated fascial pattern

Front 6

A forward transaltion of the body's center of gravity by bipedal locomotion.

Back 6

Gait

Front 7

The somatic dysfunction that maintains a total dysfunction pattern including other secondary dysfunctions.

Back 7

Key lesions

Front 8

In counterstain, the final position of treatment at which tenderness is no longer elicited by palpation of the tender point.

Back 8

Mobile point

Front 9

Five models that articulate how an osteopathic practitioner seeks to influence a patient's physiological processes.

Back 9

Models of osteopathic care

Front 10

the goal of this model is biomechanical adjustment and the mobilization of joints. It seeks to address problems in the myofascial connective tissues, as well as in the bony and soft tissues to remove restrictive forces and enhance motion. This is accomplished by the use of a wide range of osteopathic manipulative techniques such as high velocity-low amplitude, muscle energy, counterstrain, myofascial release, ligamentous articular techniques and functional techniques.

Back 10

Structural model

Front 11

The goal of this model is to improve all of the diaphram restrictions in the body. Diaphragms are considered to be "transverse restrictors" of motion, venous and lymphatic drainage and CSF. The techniques used in this model are osteopathy in the cranial field, ligamentous articular strain, myofascial release and lymphatic pump techniques.

Back 11

Respiratory-circulatory model

Front 12

The goal of this model is to enhance the self-regulatory and self-healing mechanisms, to foster energy conservation by balancing the body's energy expenditure and exchange, and to enhance immune system function, endocrine function and organ function. The osteopathic considerations in this area are not manipulative in nature except for the use of lymphatic pump techniques. Nutritional counseling, diet and exercise advice are the most common approaches to balancing the body through this model.

Back 12

Metabolic model

Front 13

The goal of this model is to attain autonomic balance and address neural reflex activity, remove facilitated segments, decrease afferent nerve signals and relieve pain. The osteopathic manipulative techniques used to influence this area of patient health include counterstain and Chapman reflex points.

Back 13

Neurologic model

Front 14

The goal of this model is to improve the biological, psychological and social components of the health spectrum. This includes emotional balancing and compensatory mechanisms. Reproductive processes and behavioral adaption are also included under this model.

Back 14

Behavioral model

Front 15

An osteopathic system of diagnosis and indirect treatment in which the patient's somatic dysfunction, diagnosed by (an) associated myofascial tenderpoint(s), is treated by using a passive position, resulting in spontaneous tissue release and at least 70% decrease in tenderness. Developed by Lawrence H. Jones, DO, in 1955.

Back 15

Strain-Counterstrain

Front 16

Provides information regarding the health of the patient. Utilizing the concepts of body unity, self-regulation and structure-function interrelationships, the osteopathic physician uses data from the musculoskeletal evaluation to assess the patient's status and develop a treatment plan.

Back 16

Osteopathic musculoskeletal evaluation

Front 17

The examination of a patient by an osteopathic practitioner with emphasis on the neuromusculoskeletal system including paplatory diagnosis for somatic dysfunction and visverosomatic change within the context of total patient care. The examiner is concerned with finding somatic dysfunction in all parts of the body, and is performed with the patient in multiple positions to provide static and dynamic evaluation.

Back 17

Osteopathic structural examination

Front 18

In relation to the anatomical position, as applied to the hand, rotation of the forearm in such a way that the palmar surface turns backward (internal rotation) in relationship to the anatomical position. Applied to the foot: a combination of eversion and abduction movements taking place in the tarsal and metatarsal joints resulting in lowering of the medial margin of the foot.

Back 18

Pronation

Front 19

Lying face downward

Back 19

Prone

Front 20

Posterior displacement of one vertebra relative to the one immediately below.

Back 20

Retrolisthesis

Front 21

Hypothetically, a short lived (minutes or hours) increase in CNS response to repeated sensory stimulation that generally follows habituation.

Back 21

Sensitization

Front 22

Impaired or altered function of related components of the somatic (body framework) system: skeletal, arthroidal and myofascial structures, and their related vascular, lymphatic, and neural elements. It is treatable using osteopathic manipulative treatment. The positional and motion aspects of this are best described using at least one of three parameters.
1) The postion of a body part as determined by palpation and referenced to its adjacent defined structure.
2) The direcetions in which motion is freer.
3) The directions in which motion is restricted.

Back 22

Somatic dysfunction

Front 23

Immediate or short-term impairment or altered function of related components of the somatic (body framework) system. Characterized in early stages by vasodilation, edema, tenderness, pain and tissue contraction. Diagnosed by history and palpatory assessment of tenderness, asymmetry of motion and relative position, restriction of motion and tissue texture change.

Back 23

Acute dysfunction

Front 24

Impairment or altered function of related components of the somatic (body framework) system. It is characterized by tenderness, itching, fibrosis, paresthesias and tissue contraction. Identified by T.A.R.T.

Back 24

Chroninc dysfunction

Front 25

1) The somatic dysfunction that maintains a total pattern of dysfunction.
2) The initial or first somatic dysfunction to appear temporally.

Back 25

Primary dysfunction

Front 26

Somatic dysfunction arising either from mechanical or neurophysiologic response subsequent to or as a consequence of other etiologies.

Back 26

Secondary dysfunction

Front 27

A group curve of thoracic and/or lumbar vertebrae in which the freedoms of motion are in neutral with sidebending and rotation in opposite directions with maximum rotation at the apex (rotation occurs toward the convexity of the curve) based upon the Principles of Fryette.

Back 27

Type I dysfunction

Front 28

Thoracic or lumbar somatic dysfunction of a single vertebral unit in which the vertebra is significantly flexed or extended with sidebending and rotation in the same direction (rotation occurs into the concavity of the curve) based upon the principles of Fryette.

Back 28

Type II dysfunction

Front 29

Combining form denoting relationship to a vertebra, or to the spinal column.

Back 29

Spondylo-

Front 30

Inflammation of vertebrae.

Back 30

Spondylitis

Front 31

Anterior displacement of one vertebra relative to one immediately below (usually L5 over the body of the sacrum or L4 over L5)

Back 31

Spondylolisthesis

Front 32

Dissolution of a vertebra, aplasia of the vertebral arch, and seperation at the pars interarticularis.

Back 32

Spondylolysis

Front 33

1) Ankylosis of adjacent vertebral bodies.
2) Degeneration of the intervertebral disk.

Back 33

Spondylosis

Front 34

Stretching injuries of ligamentous tissue (compare with strain).
First degree: microtrauma
Second degree: Partial tear
Third degree: Complete disruption

Back 34

Sprain

Front 35

1) Beginning in anatomical position, applied to the hand, the act of turning the palm forward (anteriorly) or upward, performed by lateral external rotation of the forearm.
2) Applied to the foot, it generally applies to movements (adduction and inversion) resulting in raising of the medial margin of the foot, hence of the longittudinal arch. A compound motion of plantar flexion, adduction and inversion.

Back 35

Supination

Front 36

Small, hypersensitive points in the myofascial tissues of the body that do not have a pattern of pain radiation. These points are a manifestation of somatic dysfunction and are used as diagnostic criteria and for monitoring treatment. A system of diagnosis and treatment originally described by Lawrence Jones.

Back 36

Tender points

Front 37

A congential anomaly of a vertebra in which it develops characteristic(s) of the adjoining structure or region.

Back 37

Transitional vertebrae

Front 38

A transitional segment in which the first sacral segment becomes like an additional lumbar vertebra articulating with the second sacral segment.

Back 38

Lumbarization

Front 39

1) Incomplete separation and differentiation of the fifth lumbar vertebra (L5) such that it takes on characteristics of a sacral vertebra.
2) When transverse processes of the fifth lumbar (L5) are atypically large, causing pseudoarthrosis with the sacrum and/or ilia(um), referred to as batwing deformity, if bilateral.

Back 39

Sacralization

Front 40

The patient, with back to the examiner, is told to lift first one foot and then the other. The postion and movements of the gluteal fold are watched. When standing on the affected limb the gluteal fold on the sound side falls instead of rising. Seen in poliomyelitis, un-united fracture of the femoral neck, coxa vara and congenital dislocations.

Back 40

Trendelenburg test

Front 41

1) A small hypersensitive site that, when stimulated, consistently produces a reflex mechanism that gives rise to referred pain and/or other manifestations in a consistent reference zone that is consistent from person to person.

Back 41

Trigger point
(myofascial trigger point)