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115 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How can neonates have asymmetric musculoskeletal mechanics?
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intrauterine forces
birth trauma |
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What are synchondroses?
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cartilaginous connections of osseous components of the skull
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Where does the SBS ossifiy?
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8-18 years
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When does the sphenoid and temporal bones ossify?
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2 years
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When do the occipital bones ossify?
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7-9 years
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What does the Dural membrane do for cranial development?
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template for bones
transmits forces path for venous sinuses |
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What types of treatments are preferred in kids?
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indirect treatments
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What age should not get HVLA?
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anything under 6 years old
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What does the APGAR score look for?
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Appearance
Pulse Grimace Activity Respiration |
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What does a preference in standing on toes, or inflexibility of muscles indicate?
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pyramidal tract region injury
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What are the important developmental milestones of 1 month?
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flails arms around
turns head side to side He falls back unsupported keeps hands in tight fists |
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What are the important developmental milestones of 3 months?
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lefts head when lying on stomach.
follows moving object with eyes kicks legs loose hands |
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What are the importnat mile stones by 6 months?
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single syllable words
sits up unsupported |
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What are the important mile stones by 12 months?
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pincer grasp
drinks/feeds itself (kinda) knocks two blocks together |
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What are the important 2 year mile stones?
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can walk by now
combines two words runs |
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What are the important 3 year mile stones?
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alternate feet walking, hopping
can draw self portrait |
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What happens to cranial molding due to birth?
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this is alright, usually gets better
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What happens with cranial molding after the first day of life?
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bone deformation with or without cranial base strain
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How do you treat plagiocephaly?
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call the kid funny looking to parents.
OMT encourage tummy time* |
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What causes torticollis?
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muscle imbalance, SCM , trap, or scalene
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What cranial nerve dysfunction is common with torticollis?
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CN XI
due to occiput and temproal bone problems |
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Before what gestational age is there a non-nutritive suckling predominant?
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less than 32 weeks
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What gestational ages may have an immature sucking pattern?
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32-36 weeks
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What cranial nerve dysfunction is associated with problems with suckling?
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CN XII (hypoglossal)
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What does GERD look like in babies?
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excessive vomiting in spite of controlled feedings
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What is GERD in babies due to?
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vagus nerve problem at base of skull
thoracoadbominal diaphragm- esophagus motility and dysfunction |
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What somatic dysfunction can cause myopia, hyperopia, strabismus in kids?
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any kind of somatic dysfunction of the sphenoid
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What is the mandibular drainage of galbreath used for?
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URI's
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How is the mandibular drainage of galbreath used?
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this is a direct soft tissue technique used to increase the drainage of the middle ear structures.
gentle pumping of about 30 seconds per side |
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What is the Sinus Effleurage used for?
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treating upper respiratory infections
Either Allergic or Infective |
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What is the Ear Pull used to treat?
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Otitis Media
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What bone are you moving in the Ear pull technique?
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the temporal bones
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What is the most common cause of pneumonia in kids?
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viral
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What thoracic levels do you evaluate for the lungs?
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T1-T5
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What is the normal tone on the bronchioles?
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PNS dominant typically
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What nerve affects bronchial smooth muscle ?
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a Hyperactive Vagus N
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What nerve signal is diminished in asthma?
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sympathetic nerves
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What are the three main Asthma OMT treatments?
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Champans reflexes
Lymphatic pump Cranial Sacral- CV4 |
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What causes Colic on infants?
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Compression of Hypoglossal and Vagus N's
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What is the Tx for colic in infants?
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Rib raising
decompression of occipital condylar parts CV4 |
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Where is the problem if the baby has difficulty breathing?
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Temporal bones are not working in an integrated fashion
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Where is the problem if a baby cant suck?
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compression of hypoglossal N between condylar parts*
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Whats the treatment for lack of suckling?
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Condylar decompression
then teach child to suckle |
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What is the problem if the baby spits up or vomits after feeding?
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compression of the Vagus N in the Jugular Foramen
@ the occipital mastoid suture |
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How do you treat compression of the Vagus @ juglar foramen?
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V spread from long diagonal of head
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Where is the champmans point for the liver?
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R 6th intercostal space
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Were is the champmans point for the pancreas?
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R 8th intercostal space
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Where is the champmans point for the stomach acid?
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L 5th intercostal space
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Where is the champmans point for the stomach peristalsis?
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L 6th intercostal space
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What disease do you focus on for toddlers?
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Otitis Media
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What are the muscles and nerves of eye movement?
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SO4, AO3, LR6
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What does the SO move the eye to?
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down and out
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Where inferior oblique turn the eye?
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up and out
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What does the superior rectus muscle turn the eye?
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up and in
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where does the inferior rectus muscle turn the eye?
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down and in
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Where the lateral rectus muscle turn the eye?
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outward
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What often causes trauma to the Naso-Maxilla suture?
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boys, right handed punches
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What causes estropia or strabismus?
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Lateral rectus damage, in the cavernous sinus
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What is being used in the Crawl development?
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ipsilateral arm and leg
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What is being used in a Creep (hands and knees crawl)
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contralateral arm and leg
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What is the focus of children 4-8?
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asthma
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What ages get acute low back pain?
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20-50 year old
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What are the high risk occupations for low back pain
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nursing
garbage collection warehouse airlines |
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What is the main traumatic cause of non-radicular low back pain?
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muscle or somatic dysfunction
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What is the presentation of Discogenic low back pain?
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acute onset
sharp/shooting dermatomal radiation worse with cough, sneeze, sitting better lying down |
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what is the most common cause of discogenic low back pain?
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irritation of a nerve root
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What is affected with discogenic low back pain?
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both sensory and then eventually motor
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What percent of bulging disks are asymptomatic?
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52%
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What is the most common type or location of a herniated nucleus pulposis?
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posterior lateral herniation, @ level L4-L5
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What is the main cause of spinal stenosis?
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degeneration and remodeling caused by normal aging
narrowing of the spinal canal |
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What are the symptoms of spinal stenosis
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bilateral, progressive pain that radiates to buttocks, thighs, legs.
Worse with standing/walking better in flexion |
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How are the signs of cluadication different than spinal stenosis?
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the pain improves with stopping ambulating
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What is spondylolysis?
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separation of the pars interarticularis of the vertebral arch
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Who gets spondylolysis?
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hyperextension injuries
seen in football linemen, and gymnasts |
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What is the pain of facet joint syndrome like?
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pain in the back, in the facet region with no radiation below the knee
pain gets better with activity (like osteoarthritis pain) |
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What is myofascial pain like?
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diffuse, focal.
worse with rest relieved by warmth stiff |
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What does L1-L2 motor do?
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psoas
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What does L3 motor do?
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quadriceps
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What does L4 motor do?
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tibialis anterior
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What does L5 motor do?
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extensor hallicus longus
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What so S1 motor do?
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gastrocnemius
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What does patellar DTR test?
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L4
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What does achilles DTR test?
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S1
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What does a positive straight leg raise test look for?
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nerve root irritation
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What does a patricks test look for?
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hip pathology
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What does the thomas test look for?
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tight hip flexor
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motion for L on L forward sacral torsion?
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axis side down,
rotate chest to table (forward) legs off table, have them raise ankles to ceiling |
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Motion for R on L sacral torsion?
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axis side down
rotate back to table only superior leg off table* have them raise upper leg to ceiling |
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What is the position for a unilateral sacral extension treatment?
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abduct leg on side of extension
sphinx position- in order to flex the sacrum push that beast back into place |
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for treating sacrum- abduct those legs !
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do it!
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position for UPL5 counterstain?
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extend hip
Adduct hip external rotation |
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position for LPL5 counterstrain?
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flex hip
adduct (off side of table) pull opposite ilium up |
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Glute medius counterstain?
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extend and ABduct thigh
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What is Naegls rule?
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to determine estimated date of delivery=
one week to FDLMP, minus 3 months (in the next year, of course...) |
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What is the age of fundal height of pubic symphysis?
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12 weeks
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waht is the age of fundal heigh at umbilicus?
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20 weeks
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What does each CM above pubic symphsis equal (past 20 weeks)
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about one extra week
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How soon do women feel fetal movement?
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20 weeks primigravidas
15 weeks for multigravidas |
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How often should fetal movements be?
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10 per 12 hours
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What does the corpus luteum secret to allow for ligament laxity ?
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relaxin
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how do the innominates move in pregnancy?
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these externally rotate
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What are the risk factors for pregnancy low back pain?
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multiparity
old prior low back pain or trauma |
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Why do pregnant ladies get feet edema?
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vena cava compression
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How much fluid do women gain when pregnant?
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6.5 liters
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What are the viscerosomatic reflexes for uterus and bladder?
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T10-L1
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What are the viscerosomatic reflexes for ovary and fallopian tubes?
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T9-T10
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What are the viscerosomatic reflexes for parasympathetics
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S2-S4
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Treatment for Dysmenorrhea?
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OMT to thoracolumbar dysfunction to improve homeostasis
or pressure over sacrum |
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What are the vertebral levels for morning sickness?
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C2, T5-T9
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What treatment is used to decrease the severity of dysmenorrhea?
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sacral inhibition
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What is the ischeial tuberosity spread used to treat?
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urinary incontience
hemorrhoids pelvic pain shyness |
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What is the position for visceral treamtent of bladder
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listening hand directly on skin
hand that applies force above it |
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What does throacolumbar stimulation treat? at what levels?
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improves quality of contractions in uterine dystocia or long labor
T12-L2 |
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What is the preferred treatment position for pregnant people?
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Left lateral recumbent (IVC is on the right, dont squish it)
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For inguinal ligament counter stain, where do you stand?
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opposite of TP, leg on table
flex pts legs up adduct and wrap around TP |
