Omm Lecture 2 Y1T3--Congenital Anomalies Of The Spine

Front 1

If a pt presents and you notice that there is no separation of the facet joints (they are fused), what do you expect the shape of the patient's spine to be?

Back 1

Increased lordosis

Front 2

Vertebrae that fail to separate; no intervertebral disc

Back 2

Block vertebrae

Front 3

What is the net result of block vertebrae?

Back 3

Premature degenerative disc disease and segmental instability

Front 4

What is the treatment for hemivertebrae in children?

Back 4

Surgical excision of the hemivertebra

Front 5

Which vertebral segment is subject to more congenital anomalies than any other bone in the body?

Back 5

L5

Front 6

What are common skin conditions association with lumbar anomalies?

Back 6

Hairy nevus (fawn's beard)
Pigmented nevus
Lipomatous mass
Dermal Sinus

Front 7

Where does facet tropism most commonly occur?

Back 7

Lumbosacral junction

Front 8

What is the most common anomaly in the lumbar region?

Back 8

Zygapophyseal Tropism

Front 9

Name the skeletal anomalies that occur in multiple regions of the spine

Back 9

Block Vertebrae
Other Failure of Segmentation Anomalies
Hemi Vertebrae
Spina Bifida Occulta
Hemangioma Vertebra

Front 10

what does a block vertebrae feel like on palpation

Back 10

severe articular restriction

Front 11

what is the net result of a blocked vertebrae

Back 11

premature degenerative disc disease and segmental instability

Front 12

how do you treat a blocked vertebrae

Back 12

OMT and prolotherapy

Front 13

in blocked vertebrae

Back 13

the more normal the region the less wear and tear on the immediately adjacent disc levels

Front 14

anterior failure fusion creates a

Back 14

rigid kyphosis

Front 15

unilateral bar vertebra create

Back 15

scoliosis

Front 16

posterior failure fusion creates

Back 16

a abnormal lordosis

Front 17

anterior vertebral agenesis is treated by

Back 17

surgical reconfiguration of the spine up to age 25 at the latest

Front 18

Why is it too late to fix a anterior vertebral agenesis after age 25

Back 18

b/c the soft tissues in front of the spine are now shaped to the dysfx

Front 19

What are hemivertebra

Back 19

half vertebrae
-one side forms and 1 does not
-may produce a scoliotic curve

Front 20

How do you treat a hemivertebra

Back 20

surgical excision in early childhood
-heel lift later in life
OMT

Front 21

What is the goal of treatment of hemivertebra

Back 21

minimize the mechanical stress on the spine as a whole

Front 22

Why is OMT used to treat hemivertebra

Back 22

-to keep spine mobile prior to surgery or to help body adapt to heel lift

Front 23

what is a common soft tissue abnormality

Back 23

hemangioma vertebra

Front 24

what are the characteristics of a hemangioma vertebra

Back 24

-usually involves the vertebral body and is striated in appearance

Front 25

is the hemangioma symptomatic

Back 25

rarely

Front 26

If the hemangioma is symptomatic how do you treat it

Back 26

with radiation therapy

Front 27

Name the types of lumbar anomalies

Back 27

facet tropism
transitional lumbosacral segment
spina bifida
low intercrestal line
diastematomyelia

Front 28

Which lumbar vertebra is subject to a greater number of congenital anomalies than any other bone

Back 28

L5

Front 29

how do lumbar anomalies affect the body

Back 29

affect motion and create the tendency for recurrent dysfunction and later degenerative disease

Front 30

What accompanies many lumbar anomalies

Back 30

congenital anomalies of the skin

Front 31

what are the congenital skin anomalies associated with lumbar anomalies

Back 31

hairy nevus(fawn's beard)
pigmented nevus
lipomatous mass
dermal sinus

Front 32

where are facet tropisms most common

Back 32

at the lumbosacral junction

Front 33

What is the most common anomaly in the lumbar region

Back 33

zygapophyseal tropism

Front 34

What does tropism mean

Back 34

the facet joint has turned away form its normal anatomic position

Front 35

what is the orientation for the facets in facet tropism

Back 35

cuvilinear mostly in the sagital plane

Front 36

what is the most common anomaly in facet tropism

Back 36

where one or both facet joints have turned to the coronal plane

Front 37

in facet tropism the facets form what type of angle with the sagital plane

Back 37

40-60 degrees

Front 38

in facet tropism when the segment becomes hypermobile what happens

Back 38

low back pain which follows a facet or ligamentous pattern

Front 39

asymmetric facet joint forces can produce

Back 39

asymmetric disc degeneration leading to disc bulging or herniation to the side of the coronal facet.

Front 40

how do you treat facet tropism

Back 40

OMT
exercise
prolotherapy (if hypermobility dev)

Front 41

What are the areas of greatest truncal rotation

Back 41

hip joint range of motion and thoraco-lumbar motion

Front 42

what are the other names for a trasitional lumbosacral segment

Back 42

batwing vertebra
butterfly vertebra
parital sacrilization of L5
lumbarization of S1

Front 43

how do you treat a transitional lumbosacral segment

Back 43

OMT
traction,prolotherapy, neuronlysis
injection of corticosteroids into pseudoarthrosis

Front 44

Unilateral batwing

Back 44

-usually creates a scoliosis

Front 45

what is a low intercrestal line

Back 45

a line across the top of the iliac crests that usu falls at or above the inferior endplate of L4

Front 46

how do you treat a low intercrestal line

Back 46

aggressive exercise strengthening to the lumbar musculature & OMT