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54 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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the innominate bones are made up of
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the ilium, ischium and pubic bones
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Where are the sacroiliac joints located
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where the lower extemity ends and the spine begins
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What joint serves as the the universal joint
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the pubic symphysis
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what does the sacrum coordinate
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lower extremity and spinal motion
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what is the most codependent bone in the body
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sacrum
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what do the innominate bones rotate in respone to
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leg motion
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as the leg comes forward, the innominate rotates what way
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posterioly
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as the leg goes backward the innominate rotates what way
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anterioly
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how much motion is available in the sacroiliac joint
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about 5 degrees each for flexion & extension so a total of 10 degrees
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why is any dysfunction possible in the sacroiliac joint (SI)
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b/c of its unusual shape
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what maintains the somatic dysfunction in the SI joint
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true joint subluxation locking mechanism
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the SI joints are what type of joints
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congruent
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Joint locking
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when the innominate is carried beyond its 5 degree ROM, lumps on one side of the joint come into opposition with high areas on the opposite side of the joint
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what does joint locking do
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separates the joint surfaces, pulling the sacroiliac ligaments taught, compressing the joint surfaces together
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what maintains the dysfunction in joint locking
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the ligamentous tension
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What is an iliosacral dysfunction
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dysfunctions introduced from the lower extremity and causing restriction of motion between the ilium & sacrum
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SI dysfunction or just Sacral dysfunctions
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dysfunctions introduced from the spine and causing restriction of motion between the sacrum and the ilium
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6 most common innominate dysfunctions (in order of prevelance)
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1. Rotation
2. Shear or Slip 3. Flare |
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Types of rotational dysfunctions
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posterior and anterior
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Types of shear or slip dysfunctions
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upslip(sup shear) or
downslip (inf shear) |
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Types of flare dysfunctions
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inflare and outflare
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A pubic symphysis dysfunction can involve a (still and innominate dysfunction)
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-superior pubic bone
-inferior pubic bone -symphyseal compression -symphyseal gapping |
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every pelvic somatic dysfunction does what
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distorts the shape and motion of the entire pelvis
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the dysfunctions are named for
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the site of greatest motion restriction
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symptoms of innominate dysfunction vary depending upon
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which myoligamentous structure is under the greatest stress
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What type of joint pain may or may not be present as a symptom of innominate dysfunction
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SI joint pain
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the SI joints and their ligaments are innervated by
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S1-S5 nerve root levels
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the site of greatest ligamentous stress will be where
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the site from which somato-somatic reflexes will emanate
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Reflex muscle hypertonicity may be caused by
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somato-somatic reflex
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Myotome muscles are innervated by
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S1-S5
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S1 innervates
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fibularis longus & brevis
gastrocnemius/Soleus gluteus maximus |
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S2 innervates
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gastrocnemius/soleus
intrinsic muscles of the foot pelvic floor |
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S3 innervates
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intrinsic muscles of the foot
pelvic floor |
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S4 & S5 innervate
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the pelvic floor
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a sclerotome is
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the segmental innervation of the peritosteum, ligaments and fascia
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what is a viscerotome
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segmental innervation of the internal organs
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the sacral parasympathetics arise from what
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S2, S3, S4
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splanchnotomes
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the segmental relation to the organs that viscerotomes supply
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S2, 3, 4 supply
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left half of colon, lower ureter, bladder sphincter, uterine body, prostate, and cavernous tissues of the genitalia
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symptoms of hyperparasympathecotonia in the colon
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colonic cramping and pain
diarrhea IBS (irritable bowel syndrome) |
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symptoms of hyperparasympathecotonia in the ureter
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ureterospasm
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symptoms of hyperparasympathecotonia in the bladder
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irritable bladder with increased bladder wall tone
stress incontinence with decreased internal urinary sphincter tone |
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symptoms of hyperparasympathecotonia in uterus
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relaxation of uterine muscle
vasodilation decreased pain threshold for cervix infertility |
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symptoms of hyperparasympathecotonia in the prostate
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engorgement and secretion (non-specific prostatitis)
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symptoms of hyperparasympathecotonia in the cavernous tissues
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priapism(persistant engorgement of the erectile tissues in both genders)
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list the types of screening tests
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standing flexion test
definitive motion test ASIS compression test |
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how do you get a false positive in the standing flexion test
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-asymmetric hamstring tension
-sacral dysfunction -severe L4 or L5 dysfunction |
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what is a positive standing flexion test
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on the side in which the PSIS rises highest at the end of flexion
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what do you palpate in a definitive motion test
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passively induced iliosacral motion
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what is a positive definitive motion test
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no palpable motion
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in the ASIS compression test what identifies the side of iliosacral dysfunction
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resistance to posterior compression
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are screening tests sensitive or specific
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sensitive
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what are the posterior landmarks that must be palpated for asymmetry
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PSIS
SACRAL SULCI ISCHIAL TUBEROSITIES SACROTUBEROUS LIGAMENT TENSION |
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what are the anterior landmarks that must be palpated for asymmetry in an innominate dysfunction
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ASIS
PUBIC TUBERCLES PUBIC SYMPHSYIS |
