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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Three portions of the elbow joint?
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humero-ulnar
proximal radial-ulnar humeral-radial |
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what is the name of the ligament that maintains contact btw the radial head and the radial notch of the ulna
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annular ligament- allows for pronation and supination of the forearm
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what is normal flexion of the forearm in anatomical position?
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135- 150 degrees
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what direction does the radial head move when the forearm is supinated?
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the proximal(head) radius moves anteriorly in supination.
the distal end moves opposite; posteriorly |
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what direction does the distal radius move when the forearm is pronated?
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distal radius moves anteriorly and the radial head moves posterior in pronation;
radial head Posterior in Pronation |
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action of biceps brachii?
what reflex is tested here? |
supinates forearm and flexes are in supinated position.
C5 reflex |
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which forearm muscles are chronically hypertonic? muscles of extension and supination or mm of flexion and pronation?
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flexion and pronation muscles are chronically hypertonic and they others are neurologically inhibited and Psuedo-weak
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what functional anatomical design allows for a carrying angle?
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reciprocal motion of abduction of the elbow and adduction of the wrist.
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increased carrying angle results in?
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a) olecranon-->adduction, distal ulna-->abduction and wrist-->adduction
or b) olecranon-->decreased adduction, distal ulna-->adduction and wrist-->abduction |
a
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describe muscle energy for increased carrying angle.
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wrist in abduction
pt pushes wrist into adduction against resistance. elbow and forearm are supported |
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where is the most common location for ulnar nerve entrapment and what is the clinical presentation?
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posterior to the medial epicondyle of the humerus.
claw hand appearance due to difficulty flexing the 4th and 5th digits. |
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name as many P's as you can that describe compartment syndrome.
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pressure, pain(out of proportion and with passive movement, paralysis, paraesthesia, pulselessness and pallor
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Tennis elbow; lateral epicondylitis is due to?
Its pain is exacerbated by? |
due to overuse of foremarm muscles in rotation of arm and extension of wrist.
pain is exacerbated by lifting with palm facing down. |
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what are the symptoms of carpal tunnel and what nerve is involved in the pathology?
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pain and or parasthesia of the thumb,palm, index and middle digit.
syndrome is due to pressure on the median nerve. |
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true or false. carpal tunnel syndrome is almost always bilateral
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false, it is more comonly unitlateral and often the dominant hand.
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what is not a later stage of CTS?
a)constant pain and paraesthesia b)hypertonic of the thenar eminence c)positive tinel and phalen test d) decreased grip strength e) pain radiates to elbow/higher |
b- there is atrophy of the thenar eminence
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what is a poisitive tinel sign?
a positive phalen test? |
tinel; tapping on the flexor retinaculum= stingers in hand
phalen;hold dorsal surface of flexed wrists together= reproduction of CTS symptoms. |
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hyperthyroidism, DM, pregnancy, leukemia, paraproteinemia, gout and collagen vascular disease are all conditions in which carpal tunnel is
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bilateral
unilateral absent |
bilateral
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OMT consederations for treating CTS include:
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a) reduce symp tone in UE by Tx of thoracics and upper rib dysfuntions
b)remove cervical somatic dsfunction c) remove myofascial restriction in UE d) increase space in carpal tunnel using direct release techniques e) all of the above |
e!
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HVLA for restricted in pronation includes:
1) moving ulnar head anterior 2) moving radial head posterior 3) moving the distal ulna posterior 4)moving the radial head anterior |
2) restriction in pronation = radial head in anterior; should be dorsal or Posterior in Pronation.
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HVLA for restricted in pronation
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doc pronates pts forearm
docs thumb holds radial head posterior and flexes pts arm to barrier at barrier increasing flexion thrust is performed. |
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which is a more common dysfunction?
anterior radial head or posterior radial head? |
like the fibular head the radial head's more common dysfunction is displaced posteriorly.
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what are the three places that compression of the neurovascular bundle, that causes thoracic outlet syndrome, can occur?
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btw ant and mid scalenes
btw clavicle and 1st rib btw pec minor and the upper ribs |
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thoracic outlet syndrome can be due to all of the following EXCEPT:
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a) cervical rib
b) excess tension on ant and mid scalenes c)hypertonic trapezius d) somatic dysfunction of clavicle and upper ribs e) abnormal insertion of pec minor. |
c) hypertonic trapezius
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with respect to thoracic outlet, what does a positive Adson's test reveal?
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usu means conpression of btw the scalenes
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a positive MIlitary posture test reveals compression where?
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btw the clavicle and the 1st rib
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what are the components of the neurovascular bundle that can be compressed in thoracic outlet syndrome?
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subclavian artery and vein and the brachial plexus
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what is the most sensitive of all tests for CTS?
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Carpal Tunnel Compression test
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what does the Allen's test reveal?
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vascular competence to the hand. should be done before performing and arterial blood gas to ensure collateral blood flow to the hand
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Match where you would test sensory function in the hand of the following nerves:
1) radial nerve 2) median nerve 3) ulnar nerve |
a)palmar surface along the pinky and medial half of ring finger
b) along the dorsal surface of the hand (not including the digits) c) on the palmar surface of thumb, index and middle finger |
1)-b
2)-c 3)-a |
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thoracic outlet is usually unilateral or bilateral?
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usu unilateral; bilateral paraesthesia should be further investigated to rule out other issues.
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