Omm Final

Front 1

Goals of muscle energy technique

Back 1

- Decrease asymmetry
- Decrease hypertonicity
- Lengthen fibers
- Reduce restraint of movement
- Alter related respiratory and circulatory function

Front 2

Postisometric relaxation

Back 2

Increased tension on Golgi organ proprioceptors in tendons - inhibits active muscles contraction

Front 3

Reciprocal inhibition

Back 3

Used when antagonistic muscles are contracted

Front 4

Contraindications for muscle energy technique

Back 4

- Painful muscle or group of muscles
- Patient with low vitality who could be further compromised - post surgical or patient with MI

Front 5

Is muscle energy direct or indirect

Back 5

Direct

Front 6

Acute myositis etiologic factors

Back 6

- Systemic toxicity
- Infection
- General exhaustion
- Fatigue

Front 7

Acute myositis contributing factors

Back 7

- Excessive draft
- Chilling
- Prolonged stressful positioning
- Occupational stress

Front 8

Acute myositis involves what muscles

Back 8

- Deep para vertebral
- Pre vertebral
- Posterior peri vertebral

Front 9

Acute myositis is also sometimes called _

Back 9

Torticollis

Front 10

Describe treatment for acute myositis

Back 10

- Manipulation should first be aimed at normalizing areas of primary somatic dysfunction and motion restriction
- Then treat areas of secondary somatic dysfunction and reactivity
- Painful area should not be initially treated

Front 11

Whiplash injury is what kind of injury

Back 11

Sudden and excessive flexion and extension

Front 12

What is worse hyperextension or hyperflexion

Back 12

Hyperextension

Front 13

Whiplash - Wright

Back 13

Sudden hyperflexion of cervical spine, followed by spontaneous extension recoil of posterior articular ligament and ligamentum flavum

Front 14

Whiplash- McHenry

Back 14

- Acute hyperextension with flexion recoil
- Caused by blow from the rear
- Impact is indirect, inertia is passed from the car

Front 15

Whiplash McKeever

Back 15

- Sudden impact from the rear - shortening of the cervical spine
- Compression and evulsion result from this injury

Front 16

Benign cervical vertigo

Back 16

- Vestibular disturbance caused by cervical muscle spasm
- Tenderness, tissue texture changes and muscle spasms in OA and upper cervicals
- Unilateral spasm causes unilateral rotation of temporal bone
- Misdiagnosed as inner ear infection

Front 17

Muscle tension headache

Back 17

Bodys response to stress, anxiety, fatigue
- Skeletal muscle contraction and some reflex dilation of extracranial vessels
- Usually bilateral and described as fullness, tightness or pressure in forehead, temples or back of the head and neck
- Rarely associated with nausea and vomitting
- Sleep disturbances
- Increased sympathetic tone in muscle contributes to ischemic muscle tenderness

Front 18

Describe direct technique

Back 18

- Barrier is engaged
- Physician applies force toward or through the barrier

Front 19

Describe indirect technique

Back 19

Physician puts area of restriction into the freedom of motion in attempt to release it

Front 20

Motor unit

Back 20

Group of skeletal muscle fibers excited by single alpha motor neuron

Front 21

Muscle spindle apparatus

Back 21

Gamma motor neurons transmit signals to intrafusal fibers which contribute to muscle spindle apparatus

Front 22

Describe recurrent inhibition

Back 22

- Interneurons are located in anterior horn in close association with motor neurons
- Cause inhibition of neurons surrounding motor neuron that is carrying particular excitatory response
- Goal is to sharpen signal of the motor unit and prevent signal from diffusing which would weaken the signal

Front 23

Muscle spindle reflex

Back 23

Sends information to the nervous system about muscle length or rate of change in muscle length

Front 24

Golgi tendon reflex

Back 24

Sends information to nervous system about muscle tension or rate of change in tension

Front 25

Muscle spindle composed of _

Back 25

Intrafusal fibers

Front 26

Example of reciprocal inhibition

Back 26

If stretch reflex activates biceps, reciprocal inhibition inhibits triceps

Front 27

Give example of crossed extensor reflex

Back 27

Stretch reflex excites right biceps, crossed extensor reflex excites left triceps

Front 28

Findings in anterior inominate

Back 28

- ASIS inferior
- PSIS superior
- Pubes inferior
- Standing flexion test positive
- Freedom of motion is anterior rotation

Front 29

Anterior ilium rotators

Back 29

Tensor fascia lata
Quadratus lumborum
Iliocostalis
Internal abdominal oblique
Latissimus dorsi

Front 30

Findings in posterior inominate

Back 30

ASIS superior
PSIS inferior
Pubes superior
Freedom of motion - posterior rotation

Front 31

Posterior rotation of inominate gives _ in leg length

Back 31

Decrease

Front 32

Posterior hip rotators

Back 32

Gluteus maximus
Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus
Biceps femoris
Piriformis (weak)
External abdominal oblique

Front 33

Abducted ilium findings

Back 33

- ASIS and PSIS displaced laterally
- Positive standing flexion test

Front 34

Which muscles involved in abducted ilium

Back 34

Gluteus maximus, medius and minimus

Front 35

Findings in adducted ilium

Back 35

- ASIS and PSIS are medial
- Positive standing flexion test

Front 36

Which muscles involved in adducted ilium

Back 36

- Obturator internus
- Iliacus
- Piriformis
- Gemelli
- Coccygeus
- Adductor minimus and magnus

Front 37

Deep sulcus on right
ILA on left
Neg spring test
Dx?

Back 37

Left on left

Front 38

Deep sulcus on right
ILA on right
Negative spring test

Back 38

Unilateral sacral flexion on right

Front 39

Deep sulcus on left
ILA on right
Negative spring test

Back 39

Right on right

Front 40

Deep sulcus on left and ILA on left
Negative spring test

Back 40

Unilateral sacral flexion on left

Front 41

Bilateral deep sulci

Back 41

Bilateral sacral flexion