Om Part 2

Front 1

isolate oblique by

Back 1

ADDucting 51-55

Front 2

isolate recti by

Back 2

ABDucting 23

Front 3

describe a CN 4 palsy.

Back 3

SO adducts the eye and depresses it thus when there is a palsy the eye is up and out

Front 4

Anisocoria is due soley to

Back 4

efferent issue thus CN 3 at fault

Front 5

fixed dilated pupil due to aneurysm affectd

Back 5

CN 3

Front 6

If pupil constricts w/ 1% pilocarpine the pt has what?

Back 6

3rd nerve palsy

Front 7

If pupil doesnt constrict w/ 1% pilocarpine the pts dilated pupil is due to what?

Back 7

trauma or drug induced

Front 8

An Adie's pupil is what?

Back 8

A= Acutely
D= Dilated

Front 9

Who gets Adie's?

Back 9

Young females (20-40)

Front 10

Adie's affects one or both eyes?

Back 10

80% unilateral then can become bilateral

Front 11

Adie's pupils will respond how to light and near stimuli?

Back 11

slow

Front 12

Argyll Robertson Pupil

what?
lesion?
response?
cause?

Back 12

ARP = Acc Response Present but no light response

pupil is bilaterally miotic due to tectotegmental lesion

prostitutes are SAD; caused by Syphilis, Alcohol, Diabetes

Front 13

Prostitutes are sad

Back 13

ARP caused by syphilis, alcohol, diabetes

Front 14

Why is the acc response present in ARP?

Back 14

because acc response comes from frontal eye fields and goes into EW nucleus which are intact in ARP

Front 15

Horner's pupil is caused by what lesion?

Back 15

sympathetic preganglionic or postganglionic lesion usually pancost tumor of lung apex

Front 16

Triad of Horners

Back 16

Ipsilateral miosis, anhydrosis, ptosis

Front 17

Horners is most evident when?

Back 17

in dark light because pupil doesnt dilate

Front 18

Cocaine does what to a normal eye

Back 18

dilate by blocking NE reuptake

Front 19

Cocaine will do what to a Horner's pupil?

Back 19

does not dilate it thus tells you there is a sympathetic lesion but not if it is pre or post ganglionic

Front 20

Hydroxyamphetamine does what to normal eye

Back 20

dilates by releasing NE from POSTGANGLIONIC neurons

Front 21

If 1% hydroxyamphetamine dilates a Horner's pupil, what can be said about the lesion?

Back 21

lesion is preganglionic bc the reason eye was dilated was because the postganglionic neurons are working thus releasing NE causing dilation

Front 22

If 1% hydroxyamphetamine does not dilate a Horner's pupil, what can be said about the lesion?

Back 22

lesion is postganglionic because this works by releasing NE postganglionic thus if there was no dilation, NE wasnt released bc of faulty postganglionic neurons

Front 23

Y axis runs anterior to posterior and is known as

Back 23

visual axis

Front 24

what did Fick hypothesize?

Back 24

eye rotated around one point located where the axes instesect

Front 25

is fick's model valid?

Back 25

no because there is no single center of rotation since the eye moves as it rotates

Front 26

donder's law

Back 26

orientation of eye for specific gaze is always the same regardless of how eye moves to get in that gaze position

Front 27

listing's law

Back 27

in order to get into specific gaze eye has to rotate around listing's plane

Front 28

how many microsaccades do we do per minute?

Back 28

2-5

Front 29

saccades

Back 29

long latency, takes long to get started but are very fast once they do

Front 30

saccades begin where and project where

Afferent branch

Back 30

begin at superior colliculus and frontal eye fields

project to PPRF and MLF

Front 31

what coordinates all eye movements?

Back 31

MLF this is where PPRF and CN 3,4,6 communicate at

Front 32

are pursuits voluntary or involuntary?

Back 32

voluntary

Front 33

pursuits have

Back 33

short latency but slow eye movement

Front 34

pursuit problems detected via

Back 34

OKN drum

Front 35

how are vergence movements different than all other eye movements?

Back 35

disconjugate, eyes move in different directions

Front 36

vergence velocity

Back 36

10 deg/sec

Front 37

fusional vergence is initiated by

Back 37

disparity

Front 38

Purpose of VOR

Back 38

stabilize retinal image during brief head movemnt by producing eye movement opp to head movement thus keeping image centered

Front 39

VOR works best for ___ head movements

Back 39

fast

Front 40

input to horizontal canal on one side results in eye movement toward what side

Back 40

opposite side

left horiz canal --> right eye rotation

Front 41

cold water in right ear causes

Back 41

CO

fast movement to left

Front 42

warm water in right ear causes

Back 42

WS

fasr movement to right

Front 43

OKN fxn

Back 43

takes over when VOR fades allowuing image stabilization

Front 44

OKN used in babies for

Back 44

gross VA

Front 45

OKN in babies

Back 45

T--> N

Front 46

saccades summary

Back 46

puts objects on fovea
l = 200ms
v = 1000 deg/sec

Front 47

pursuit summary

Back 47

puts image of moving objects on fovea
l = 125 ms
v = 50 deg/sec

Front 48

VOR summary

Back 48

stable image during brief head rotations

l = 15ms
v = 300 deg/sec

Front 49

vergence summary

Back 49

moves eye in opp directions to keep single object on fovea

l=160ms
v=10 deg/sec