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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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What is the most efficient point to control protein synthesis |
Transcription.so mRNA is not made when it's not required. |
mRNA is not made when it's not required. |
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which proteins are needed to assist RNA polymerase before it starts transcribing the gene. |
Transcription factors. |
They help the RNA polymerase to bind to the DNA. |
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What is the affect of transcription factors on RNA polymerase? |
transcription factors affect which sections of DNA are transcribed by either inhibiting or promoting transcription. |
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How is transcription initiated |
transcription factors and RNA polymerase bind together and move along the DNA. |
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the production of transcription factors are controlled by... |
other transcription factors |
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oestrogen stimulates synthesis of proteins in... |
the hypothalamus and breasts |
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What is oestrogen and how does it cross the membrane |
oestrogen is a steroid hormone and crosses the membrane by lipid diffusion. |
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What receptor protein does oestrogen bind to and what is the complex called? |
it binds with Er-alpha and becomes a hormone-receptor complex. |
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What does the hormone-receptor complex become |
a transcription factor. |
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where are the 5 possible places in protein synthesis |
transcription-which genes are transcribed |
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what are the effects of too much oestrogen |
it can cause cells to divide and grow, sometimes too much and can lead to breast cancer. |
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what does small interfering RNA (siRNA) do |
break down mRNA before it's genetic code can be translated into a poly peptide |
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an enzyme cuts a large double stranded molecule of RNA into what |
siRNA |
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when siRNA binds with RNA, what happens |
one strand of siRNA binds to the enzyme and the other strand leaves |
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what is the RNA-RISC complex |
the single strand of siRNA bound to the enzyme |
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what is the function of the RNA-RISC complex |
the siRNA strand paid with complementary bases on the mRNA strand which activates the enzyme to cut the molecule so mRNA. |
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why is the polypeptide not produced when mRNA is cut into pieces
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it is no longer capable of being translated into a poly peptide so the gene cannot be expressed or it has been blocked
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what are the potential scientific and medical uses of siRNA |
identify the role of genes in a biological pathway-siRNA that blocks a particular gene could be added to cells, by preserving the effects the role of the blocked gene can be determined. |
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