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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the IR of O-H/N-H?
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2600-3600
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What is the IR of C-H?
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3000
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What is the IR of C triple bonded to N?
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2200
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What is the IR of C triple bonded to C?
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2100
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What is the IR of C=C?
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1600
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What is the IR of C=O?
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1700
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What is the IR of C-O?
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1100-1200
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The stronger the bond, the higher or lower energy at which it absorbs IR?
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higher
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electron rich atoms mean more basic or more acidic?
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more basic
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electron poor atoms mean more basic or more acidic?
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more acidic
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what is the angle of sp hybridization?
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180 degrees
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what is the angle of sp2 hybridization?
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120 degrees
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what is the angle of sp3 hybridization?
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109.5 degrees
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If something is a Lewis Acid what does it do?
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Electron Acceptor
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If something if a Lewis Base what does it do?
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Electron Donor
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If something is a Bronsted-Lowry Acid what does it do?
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H+ Donor
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If something is a Bronsted-Lowry Base what does it do?
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H+ Acceptor
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Acids are what kind of atom donor?
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H+
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Bases are what kind of atom donor?
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OH-
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what is an isomer?
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same molecular formula, different arrangement
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what is a primary carbon?
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a carbon being bonded to 1 other carbon
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what is a secondary carbon?
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a carbon being bonded to 2 other carbons
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what is a tertiary carbon?
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a carbon being bonded to 3 other carbons
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what is a quaternary carbon?
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a carbon being bonded to 4 other carbons
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what is a constitutional isomer?
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structures with the same formula but different atom connections (sigma-bond framework)
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what is a resonance structure?
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structures with the same sigma-bond framework but different arrangements of pi electrons
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what is a conformation (conformer)?
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arrangements of a molecule that differ only through sigma bond rotation
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sp hybridization has how many electron groups and what degree angles?
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2 electron groups, 180 degree angles
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sp2 hybridization has how many electron groups and what degree angles?
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3 electron groups, 120 degree angles
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sp3 hybridization has how many electron groups and what degree angles?
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4 electron groups, 109.5 degree angles
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how do you determine formal charge?
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take atoms group number - number of bonds to atom - number or unshared electrons
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when carbon is uncharged, how many bonds does it make?
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4
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what is the order you look for when determining boiling point?
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1. Metal or NH4
2. H-Bonding 3. Polar 4. Nonpolar |
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Which molecule is more reactive and why? C-C or C=C
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C=C because the pi bond is weaker than a sigma bond, so electrons are available for reacting
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What does saturated mean?
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Max # of H atoms possible bonded
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