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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Surface ocean waves that are moving through water that is shallower than 5% of the wavelength are known as:
a)tsunami b)capillary waves c)tides d)deep water waves e)Both (a) and (c) |
e) Both (a) and (c)
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The average salinity of the ocean is about:
a)34.70 b)35.00 c)3.47 d)350 e)34.0 |
a) 34.70
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One degree of latitude is about:
a)110 nautical miles b)110 km c)It depends on longitude d)It depends on latitude e)110 statute miles |
b) 110 km
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Oceanic dissolved oxygen concentrations are:
a)About the same as dissolved carbon dioxide concentrations b)Low in the thermocline c)High in the Euphotic zone, and low in the deep ocean d)Low in the Euphotic zone and high in the deep ocean |
c) High in the Euphotic zone, and low in the deep zone
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Surface gravity waves in water 4000m deep are classified as:
a)deep water waves b)shallow water waves c)intermediate waves d)It depends on the wavelength e)Internal waves |
d) It depends on the wavelength
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"Forchammer's principle" says that:
a)salinity in mass, in grams, of dissolved salts in a 1kg sample of seawater b)dissolved gases in seawater are always present in the same relative amounts c)dissolved salts in seawater are always present in the same relative amounts d)seawater salinity affects seawater density e)salts in seawater come only from weathering of rocks |
c)dissolved salts in seawater are always present in the same relative amounts
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What forces are responsible for the ocean circulation?
a)Rotational effects (Coriolis forces) b)Buoyancy effects (gravity acting on density differences) c)The winds d)All of the above e)Gravitational effects of the Sun and Moon |
d)All of the above
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The subtropical gyre of the North Atlantic Ocean:
a)Is associated with a "bowl" of warm water that penetrates the top 25% of the ocean b)Is a circulation that involves sinking at high latitudes and spreading equatorwards in the deep ocean c)Is stronger on the eastern side of the ocean basin d)Is a powerful circulation around Antarctica e)Is a unique phenomenon that has no analog in other basins |
a)Is associated with a "bowl" of warm water that penetrates the top 25% of the ocean
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When water molecules freeze they become:
a)more dense and sink below liquid water b)more dense and rise above liquid water c)less dense and sink below liquid water d)less dense and rise above liquid e)It depends on the salinity of the water |
d) Less dense and rise above liquid water
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The quantity that measures the rate at which a substance changes temperature for a given change in heat energy is:
a)the latent heat capacity b)the speed of sound c)the thermal expansion coefficient d)the scale height e)the specific heat capacity |
e) The specific heat capacity
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A major shortcoming of the Newtonian equilibrium theory of the tide is that:
a)The theory ignores the fact that the tide travels through the oceans as a deep water wave b)The theory predicts tidal ranges that are much too big c)The time between successive high waters is about 12hr 25min, not 12hr for a semidiurnal tide d)The time between successive neap tides is about 7 days e)The bulges in the equilibrium theory |
e) The bulges in the equilibrium theory cannot travel round the earth fast enough
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Examination of a time-series of tidal height data from a tide gauge show that on most, but not all, days there are 2 high tides and 2 low tides but the heights of these tides are not always the same. The tidal record exhibits:
a)a pure diurnal tidal cycle b)a pure semi-diurnal cycle c)a strong spring/neap tidal cycle d)a mixed tide e)an unusual behavior that may indicate a faulty tide gauge |
d) A mixed tide
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An amphidrome is:
a)A type of fish that has adapted its reproductive cycle to the tides b)A tsunami caused by meteor impacts c)A resonant "sloshing" of an enclosed estuary d)A place where there is zero tidal range for a particular tidal period e)When the Earth, Sun, and Moon are all lined up |
d) A place where there is zero tidal range for a particular tidal period
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The speed of the Antarctic circumpolar current is about 3 knots at the surface and its width (north to south) is about 300 km. Which of the following is true?
a)The current flows from west to east because the winds push the water that way b)The current exists because there is cold dense water to the south c)The current is associated with high sea level to the south; about 1m higher d)The current is associated with high sea level to the north ; about 4.5m higher e)The current only exists over the the top 50m of the ocean, and flows at 90 degrees to the wind on average |
d)The current is associated with high sea level to the north; about 4.5m higher
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The freezing point of seawater:
a) Is about -1.8 degrees C b) Depends on the dissolved gas content of the water c) Is 0 degrees C d) Increases with increasing salinity e) Is the highest of all common substances, apart from ammonia |
a) Is about -1.8 degrees C
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El-Nino:
a) Involves a large decrease in surface temperature in the eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean b) Causes huge increases in fish catch off Peru c) Occurs every few years, and is easily predicted several years ahead d) Causes greater rainfall over Indonesia e) Is a climate anomaly that involves both atmosphere and ocean, mainly in the tropical Pacific Ocean |
e) Is a climate anomaly that involves both atmosphere and ocean, mainly in the tropical Pacific Ocean
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This atmospheric component absorbs damaging ultraviolet radiation from the sun
a) helium b) argon c) nitrogen d) carbon dioxide e) none of the above |
e) none of the above
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50% of our atmosphere lies below an altitude of about:
a) 6 km b) 16 km c) 31 km d) 53 km e) 100 km |
e) 100 km
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The lowest temperature in the atmosphere exists in the:
a) stratosphere b) troposphere c) mesosphere d) thermosphere |
c) mesosphere
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Which of the following was NOT involves in the formation and evolution of our present atmosphere:
a) stratification b) cooling c) photosynthesis d) degassing e) oxidation |
a) stratification
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The blueness of the sky is due mainly to:
a) the scattering of sunlight by air molecules b) the presence of water vapor c) absorption of blue light by the air d) emission of blue light by the atmosphere |
a) the scattering of sunlight by air molecules
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