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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The oceans cover ____ % of the planet and make up ____ % of the water.
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71; 97
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only about ___ % of the ocean has been explored.
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10
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History of Oceanography
-4000 BC -600 BC -450 BC -325 BC -200 BC |
egyptians make vessels
Phoenicians sailed the world to trade 1st published map navigation using lattitude |
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in 150 AD who made an accurate map with longitude and lattitude lines?
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ptolemy
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What culture sailed from Polynesia to Hawaii.
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The lapita culture of the polynesian islands.
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who was credited with figuring out the circumference of Earth.
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Eratosthenes
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In the middle ages the Europeans began building vessels. How?
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carvel built hulls with smooth sided planks
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The vikings built ships differently. How so?
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they used overlapping planks (water tight).
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In the end of the middle ages, which country sent hundreds of ships with thousands of crew?
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Chinnese
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The chinnese were also the first to do what?
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use a compass.
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The Age of exploration began with
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Christopher Columbus.
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Magellan sailed for portugal. he became the first to do what?
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Circumnavigate the world.
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Who was the first to reach the WEST coast of North america?
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Sir Frances Drake
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Lattitude became easily determined by your position relative to the North star. How was the problem of Longitude solved?
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With a wrist watch. Earth rotates 360 degrees/ 24 hours or 15 degrees/hr. By keeping time in both locations you can determine your longitude.
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The first scientific voyage was on who's expedition?
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James Cook
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On James Cook's expedition what was performed
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Depth sounding
Studied culture and history charted the pacific Protected against scurvy w/ fruit. |
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Matthew Fontaine Maury
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Collected data on wind and currents.
Mapped Atlantic floor Redesigned sounding techniques. |
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First expedition EXCLUSIVELY FOR Marine science
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The HMS Challenger
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What was discovered as part of the HMS Challenger's mission?
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The mariana trench (deepest)
Recorded temperature, salinity and current Disproved that there was no life 500 m below sea. |
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WW II technology
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Echo sounders, seismic and magnetic studies.
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Post WWII Technology
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Satelite technology, Ocean drilling.
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is a scaled down (reduced in size) 3-dimensional representation of the earth’s surface
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globe
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A projection of a curved surface onto a plane)
a 2-dimensional representation |
map
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1 degree of lattitude is about
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60 nautical miles or 69 miles
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The prime meridian runs through
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Greenwhich, England
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If the sun rises in the east which way is earth turning
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East; CCW from above
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