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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What are autotrophs?
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create their own food from inorganic compounds by using an external source of energy.
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What are heterotrophs?
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cannot make organic compounds from inorganic compounds and must obtain organic matter as food.
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What is primary production?
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process of converting inorganic compounds to organic matter.
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What is detritus?
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by partial decomposition of dead organisms.
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What is biomass?
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the total amount of living matter, expressed in units of weight in the entire water column per unit area of water surface, or weight per unit of water volume.
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What is chemosynthesis?
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converting CO2 and water to organic matter by using energy from chemical reactions rather than light.
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What are the different types of heterotrophs?
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carnivores, omnivores, herbivores, detritivores
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What is secondary production?
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the production of animal biomass by plant eaters from their food.
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What are decomposers?
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obtain energy from organic particles or dissolved organic compounds, which they convert to carbon dioxide and water.
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What is the photic zone?
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Light to support photosynthesis is usually about 1%of intensity at the surface- restricted above 100 m of water column
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What is the angle of incidence?
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light intensity at any given depth is determined by the intensity of sunlight reaching the sea surface.
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What does nutrient-limited mean?
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growth of phytoplankton, marine algae, and other species can be limited by unavailability of a single essential element.
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What is a limiting nutrient?
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growth is slowed or prevented because the concentration of a particular element is too low.
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what is remineralization?
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the transformation of organic molecules into inorganic molecules
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What are five factors affecting the distribution of coral?
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1. bound to tropics by 20 degrees celsius
2.reef building corals have temp. optimum at 23-29 degrees celsius 3. salinity requirement is high ranging from 32-42 ppm 4. lgiht required to grow restricted to low level of tide 5. turbidity-almost totally absent turbid water- to avoid clogging when filter feeding |
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How do new reef forms?
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when meroplankton attach to substrates
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Where do corals not exist?
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on western coasts of the US, SA, africa because regions of upwelling is bringing in cold water
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What are the reef builder types?
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stony corals, seawhips and fans, echinoderms, molluscs and brightly colored fish
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What are the non-reef building coral types?
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called branching and foliding colonies
firecoral pipe coral soft coral |
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What does hermatypic mean?
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reef-building corals
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What does ahermatypic mean?
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non-reef building corals
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What does symbiodiniuan mean?
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hermatypical coral that share a symbiotic relationship with zooxanthella (dinoflagellates)
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Increase of temp of 1 degree celsius will affect sound velocityhow?
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will increase by about 4.5 m/s
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What can determine the frequency of sound?
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hydrophones
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What is the use of sonar?
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sound navigation and ranging
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What is echosounding?
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sending out pulse and measure time for it to be refracted
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What is telemtetry?
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can track how the organism is moving
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