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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Infancy Development |
- Birth -> 1yr - Rapid growth: 1. Motor - voluntarily reach, grasp objects, roll, sit, crawl, walk
2. Social - smiling, expressing emotions, stranger anxiety, social language development
3. Cognitive - awareness of objects, recognize familiar people, learn cause and effect, object permanence
- ADLs = hold utensils, recognition of food sources, allow adults to bath and clothe them |
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Infancy Dx & Settings |
Dx: *Cerebral palsy, down syndrome, spina bifida, failure to thrive, hiv, cleft palate, etc...
Settings: *NICU, hospitals, early intervention programs, home health, etc... |
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Infancy Interventions |
- Developmental Frame of Reference = practice in skill set will enhance development and help progression through stages of development - Focus on family-centered care - Generally playful, but can be medically-based (splinting, positioning, cardiac rehab)
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Childhood Development |
- Early Childhood = 1-6yrs - School-Aged Childhood = 6-12yrs - Play is the occupation of childhood; solitary play -> parallel play -> cooperative play - Imaginative play develops around 3 - 5 yrs - Development of: 1. Motor Skills - sit, walk, run, climb, jump, writing, tying shoe
2. Cognitive - memory, attention, problem-solving, sequencing, calculation, categorization, language, and communication (for learning purposes)
3. Social - learn to get along with others through play; express emotions, communicate, negotiate, and work-out play issues |
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Childhood Dx & Settings |
- Dx: *Cerebral palsy, autism, down syndrome, intellectual disabilities, developmental coordination disorder, cancer, asthma, sickle cell anemia, SCI, head injuries, amputations, burns, orthopedic deformities
- Settings: * Schools, clinics, and hospitals |
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Childhood Interventions |
- Focus intervention on play development - Through play, children learn motor, cognitive, social, psychological, and language skills - OT services in the school setting are considered "related services" - School-based interventions are focused on helping the child fxn within the classroom in the least restrictive environment - Also focus on independence in playground behavior, handwriting, skills for learning, and self-care |
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Adolescence Development |
- 12 -> 20 yrs - Goal of adolescence is to develop a sense of self and searching for one's identity - Focus on peer group; enjoy group activities - Period of role confusion in relationships with adults - Time for developing sexual identity - Postural changes, awkward motor movements, rapid growth - Can be self-conscious and egocentric - Going through puberty |
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Adolescence Dx & Settings |
- Dx: *Bipolar disorder, anorexia, bulimia, suicidal depression, physical disabilities, etc...
- Settings: *Hospitals, day tx centers, school systems, and rehab centers |
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Adolescent Interventions |
- Important to find opportunities for the adolescent to express himself appropriately (writing, reflection, small group, ind sessions) - Practitioners gain trust by following through with tasks and checking in with the adolescent - Helpful to give the adolescent control where possible (providing choice of activities) - Consider how they interact in group situations - Work-related activities - Exploring healthy leisure activities |
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Young & Middle Adulthood Development |
- Young Adulthood (20-40yrs) - Middle Adulthood (40-65yrs) - Considered a time of achievement and a time to make employment decisions - Group affiliations are important - Concern for guiding the next generation, creativity, and productivity
1. Young Adulthood - Finding a significant relationship - Securing employment - Developing a career path
2. Middle Adulthood - Maintained employment - Established satisfying lifestyle with loved ones - Contributing to society - May go through a "midlife crises" - Experience "sandwich generation" and "empty nest syndrome"
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Young & Middle Adulthood Dx & Settings |
- Dx: * Heart disease, neurological impairments, orthopedic disabilities, psychological disturbances, etc...
- Settings: * Hospitals, clinics, rehab centers, etc... |
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Young & Middle Adulthood Interventions |
- Goal is to help them re-engage in occupations that they find meaningful |
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Later Adulthood Development |
- 65 (+) yrs - Time of reflection and evaluation of one's life - Must adjust to physical changes -> impaired hearing, poor balance and strength, cognitive changes, and impaired vision - May deal with loss of spouse or peers, which can lead to depression, sadness, and prolonged gried |
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Later Adulthood Dx & Settings |
- Dx: * Sensory/physical decline
- Settings: * Hospital, rehab hospitals, home health, etc... |
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Later Adulthood Interventions |
- Consider safety in the home and community - Driving - Sensory adaptations |
