Occupational Therapy

Front 1

three factors that should be considered when analysing a task are:
a. familiarity with the task, finances required to perform the task, novelty of the task
b.individual skills to perform the task, the sequential steps of the task, the surrounding envc.individual skills to perform the task, the surrounding environment in which the task ironment in which the task occurs
occurs, the novelty of the task
d. the sequential stages of the task, individual skills to perform the task, novelty of the task
e. individual skills to perform the task, is an everyday task, the novelty of the task

Back 1

b. individual skills to perform the task, the sequential stages of the task, the surrounding environment in which the task occurs

Front 2

identify the primary categories of occupations that are used when looking at occupations from an occupational therapy perspective
a. washing
b. hobbies
c. environment
d. work
e. person
f. leisure
g. occupation
h. self care
i. shopping
j. eating
k. productivity
l. volunteering

Back 2

f. leisure
h. self care
k. productivity

Front 3

identify the other terms that are often used interchangeably with occupational analysis
a. task
b. action
c. method
d. adaptation
e. sequence
f. activity

Back 3

a. task
f. activity

Front 4

the goal of occupational analysis is to:
a. to understand as much as possible about an activity
b. to understand the particular skills required to do an activity competently
c. to understand an activity's relationship to participation at large
d. to ensure a fit between the activity, the individual and the environment
e. all of the above

Back 4

e. all of the above

Front 5

occupational performance is defined as the ability of groups of people to interact with each other dynamically
True or False?

Back 5

False

Front 6

identify the following four components that belong on the three inter-linking circle diagram:
occupation, doing, performing, environment, surroundings, person, attitude, cultural, occupational performance

Back 6

occupation, environment, person, with occupational performance where they all link together.

Front 7

identify the contextual factors that could impact on occupational performance:
a. ethnicity
b. values
c. beliefs
d. physical environment
e. relationships with others
f. person's age
g. person's gender
h. time factors
i. all of the above

Back 7

i. all of the above

Front 8

order these occupation related behaviours and abilities as a hierarchical order:
occupations, abilities, roles, tasks, actions

Back 8

1. abilities
2. actions
3. tasks
4. occupations
5. roles

Front 9

select the areas that are considered when undertaking an environmental analysis:
a. sequence
b. social
c. role
d. cultural
e. demand
f. action
g. physical

Back 9

b. social
d. cultural
g. physical

Front 10

Hagedorn (2000) refers to the 5 C's. these are components of microanalysis of the environment.
True or False?

Back 10

True

Front 11

the immediate physical surroundings of an individual consists of two or three dimensional objects and supporting surfaces or constructs. when looking at Hagedorn's 5 C's, this refers to:
a. communication
b. content
c. comfort
d. convenience
e. cues

Back 11

b. content

Front 12

objects occupy space and usually have physical relationships to each other as arranged on a surface, and to the individual. the physical arrangement of objects required for a task and the ease of access to them are important. which one of the 5 C's is this?
a. communication
b. content
c. comfort
d. convenience
e. cues

Back 12

c. convenience

Front 13

the human body operates best when homeostasis is readily maintained, so extremes of heat, cold, noise, wetness or any unpleasant sensation affects performance and may pose a threat. surroundings, tasks and contexts which are familiar may also be experienced as threats. which one of the 5 C's is this?
a. communication
b. content
c. comfort
d. convenience
e. cues

Back 13

c. comfort

Front 14

the information content of objects, surfaces and people combine to indicate expected behaviour within the immediate environment. which one of the 5 C's is this?
a. communication
b. content
c. comfort
d. convenience
e. cues

Back 14

e. cues

Front 15

other people in the immediate environment of an individual- within arms' reach- are within a highly sensitive zone of proximity. which one of the 5 C's is this?
a. communication
b. content
c. comfort
d. convenience
e. cues

Back 15

a. communication

Front 16

to accommodate the majority of a population when designing everyday objects, the 5th percentile male and 95th percentile female dimensions are used.
True or False?

Back 16

False.
(its the other way around)

Front 17

anthropometrics:
a. looks at the measurement of the human body
b. uses data that is commonly applied to individuals wearing jackets or outdoor clothing
c. is focused on understanding human physical variation
d. a & c
e. all of the answers stated

Back 17

D. a & c

Front 18

epidemiology describes the distribution of a given disease, frequency of occurrence, age, sex, racial incidence.
True or False?

Back 18

True

Front 19

the symptoms of a disease or disorder that a patient experiences refers to the:
a. pathology
b. aetiology
c. prognosis
d. epidemiology
e. manifestation

Back 19

e. manifestation

Front 20

body structures are the physiological and psychological functions of the body.
True or False?

Back 20

True

Front 21

body functions are the anatomical parts of the body, such as organs, limbs and their components.
True or False?

Back 21

False

Front 22

activity limitations are referred to as the problems an individual may have in involvement in life situations.
True or False?

Back 22

False

Front 23

participation restrictions are referred to as the problems an individual may have in involvement in life situations.
True or False?

Back 23

True

Front 24

the ICF stands for:
a. International Classification of Functioning & Disability
b. International Cystic Fibrosis
c. International Classification of Functioning, Disability & health
d. Internal Calcification of the Femur
e. Internal Classification of Functioning

Back 24

c. International Classification of Functioning, Disability and health

Front 25

According to the ICF which of the following personal factors are considered
part of context:
a. Education
b. Pet ownership
c. Habits
d. Sexual orientation e. Transport
f. Hobbies
g. Lifestyle

Back 25

a. education
c. habits
d. sexual orientation
g. lifestyle

Front 26

The underlying assumptions of the ICF in relation to human functioning is that the primary focus is on disease or impairment. (T/F)

Back 26

False

Front 27

Abnormalities that are appreciable by the patient him/herself, eg pain, giddiness. This refers to:
a. symptoms
b. signs
c. risk factors d. systemic e. diagnosis

Back 27

a. symptoms

Front 28

Abnormalities appreciable by an observer, eg rise in temperature, blood pressure. This refers to:
a. symptoms
b. signs
c. risk factors
d. systemic
e. diagnosis

Back 28

B. signs

Front 29

A disease that involves the entire body as a whole. This refers to: a. symptoms
b. signs
c. risk factors
d. systemic
e. diagnosis

Back 29

d. systematic

Front 30

Situations that contribute to a patient’s susceptibility to illness or injury, such as age or life style. This refers to:
a. symptoms
b. signs
c. risk factors
d. systemic
e. diagnosis

Back 30

c. risk factors

Front 31

The identification of a disease or condition by a scientific evaluation of abnormalities, history, and tests. This refers to:
a. symptoms
b. signs
c. risk factors
d. systemic
e. diagnosis

Back 31

e. diagnosis

Front 32

Osteoarthritis affects approximately 305,000 people in New Zealand. This refers to the incidence of the disease (T/F)

Back 32

true

Front 33

One in five people with osteoarthritis have to give up work or retire early because of their condition. This is an example of an activity limitation. (T/F)

Back 33

true

Front 34

Osteoarthritis commonly affects the following joints of the hand:
a. Distal interphalangeal, proximal interphalangeal and lateral interphalangeal joints
b. Distal interphalangeal, proximal interphalangeal and carpometacarpal joints
c. Distal phalangeal and proximal phalangeal joints
d. Bouchard’s and Heberden’s joints

Back 34

b. distal interphalangeal, proximal interphalangeal and carpometacarpal joints

Front 35

An example of homeostatic imbalance of the musculoskeletal system, is a degenerative joint disease characterised by deterioration of articular cartilage in synovial joints. This disorder is called:
a. bursitis
b. gout
c. osteoarthritis
d. rheumatoid arthritis e. ankylosing spondylitis

Back 35

c. osteoarthirits

Front 36

osteoarthritis occurs in primarily fibrous joints such as the knee joint (T/F)

Back 36

false

Front 37

joints that are particularly vulnerable to osteoarthritis are the hands and feet. (T/F)

Back 37

false

Front 38

Joints that are weight-bearing are particularly vulnerable in osteoarthritis, for example the hips and knees (T/F)

Back 38

true

Front 39

n osteoarthritis the following can occur:
a. articular cartilage in the joint is worn down
b. the joint space between the bones can become smaller
c. there can be rubbing of bones in the joint
d. all of the answers listed are correct

Back 39

d. all of the answers listed are correct

Front 40

The primary risk factors associated with osteoarthritis are obesity and occupations. Genetics is considered to be a rare association (T/F)

Back 40

true

Front 41

Visible changes to the joint include protrusions of bones and cartilage, these are termed as:
a. osteoblasts
b. osteoclasts
c. osteocytes
d. osteophytes
e. osteons

Back 41

d. osteophytes

Front 42

Pathological changes attributable to osteoarthritis include:
a. synovial fluid becoming thicker resulting in more friction and less force absorption in the joint
b. micro cracks in the cartilage occur ultimately resulting in cartilage fragments in the joint space, uncovering subchondral bone and synovial inflammation
c. sclerosis of the bone and osteophyte formation around the edges
d. all of the answers listed are correct

Back 42

d. all of the answers listed are correct

Front 43

When referring to joints in the body that are susceptible to osteoarthritis common themes that occur are:
a. wear and tear of the joint
b. repetitive and excessive forces in the joint
c. wear and tear of the joint AND repetitive and excessive forces in the joint
d. fractured joints are more susceptible

Back 43

c. wear and tear of the joint AND repetitive and excessive forces in the joint

Front 44

Productivity is defined as:
a. occupations that make a social or economic contribution
b. occupations for looking after the self
c. occupations undertaken for enjoyment
d. occupations that provide for economic sustenance
e. occupations that make a social or economic contribution and occupations that provide for economic sustenance

Back 44

e. occupations that make a social or economic contribution and occupations that provide for economic sustenance

Front 45

Victor (1994, cited by Yuill & McMillan, 1998) identifies four functions of work as being universal to the experience of paid work. They are:
a. income, satisfaction, enjoyment, wealth
b. structure, social relationships, enjoyment, wealth
c. social status, income, social networking, enjoyment d. social relationships, income, structure, social status e. enjoyment, satisfaction, income, structure

Back 45

d. social relationships, income, structure, social status

Front 46

Marx wrote extensively about the organisation and role of work. He considered work to be an essential aspect of being human (T/F)

Back 46

true

Front 47

In the area of productivity, occupational therapists might offer services to:
a. people with disabilities who need to establish or re-establish skills and abilities b. the injured worker to restore function and to recover capacities needed to return to the job
c. non-disabled workers to prevent injury (or illness) at the workplace
d. help those clients who are displaced or retired early from work to re-establish their sense of productivity and work
e. all of the answers stated

Back 47

e. all of the answers stated

Front 48

Demand analysis, undertaken by the therapist, involves analysing skill demand, educational demand and developmental demand. Skill demand specifically considers:
a. physical, sensory, cognitive, social interaction
b. cognitive, attitudes, posture and balance, sensory development,
c. social interaction, knowledge, attitudes, posture and balance
d. sensory, knowledge, attitudes, posture and balance
e. knowledge, attitudes, posture and balance, sensory development,

Back 48

a. physical, sensory, cognitive, social interaction

Front 49

Knowing how to do something is an essential pre-requisite for task performance (T/F)

Back 49

true

Front 50

Identify the relevant examples of productive occupations:
a. child play
b. hobbies
c. school work
d. washing self
e. tertiary study
f. homemaking
g. eating
h. parenting
i. community volunteering
j. shopping
k. employment

Back 50

a. child play
c. school work
e. tertiary study
f. homemaking
h. parenting
i. community volunteering
k. employment

Front 51

According to the ICF, what individuals do in their current environment, which brings in the aspect of a person's involvement in life situations, are referred to as:
a. Personal Factors
b. Facilitators
c. Barriers
d. Capacity
e. Performance

Back 51

e. Performance

Front 52

According to the ICF, factors that improve functioning and reduce disability, such as a physical environment that is accessible, the availability of relevant assistive technology, and positive attitudes of people towards disability, as well as services, systems and policies that aim to increase the involvement of all people with a health condition in any area of life, are referred to as:
a. Personal Factors
b. Facilitators
c. Barriers
d. Capacity
e. Performance

Back 52

b. Facilitators

Front 53

According to the ICF, factors that relate to the individual such as age, gender, social status, life experiences, are referred to as:
a. Personal Factors
b. Facilitators
c. Barriers
d. Capacity
e. Performance

Back 53

a. Personal Factors

Front 54

According to the ICF, factors that limit functioning and create disability, such as a physical environment that is inaccessible, lack of relevant assistive technology, and negative attitudes of people towards disability, as well as services, systems and policies that are either non-existent or that hinder the involvement of all people with a health condition in any area of life, are referred to as:
a. Personal Factors
b. Facilitators
c. Barriers
d. Capacities
e. Performance

Back 54

c. Barriers

Front 55

According to the ICF, this is the highest probable level of functioning that a person may reach in a domain in the activities and participation list at a given moment. This is referred to as:
a. Personal Factors
b. Facilitators
c. Barriers
d. Capacity
e. Performance

Back 55

d. Capacity

Front 56

According to the ICF, together these constitute the complete context of an individual's life, and in particular, the background against which health states are classified in the ICF. They are:
a. Contextual and Psychosocial
b. Psychosocial and Environmental
c. Environmental and Personal
d. PerformanceandPersonal
e. Cultural and Contextual

Back 56

a. Contextual and Psychosocial

Front 57

Occupational therapy as a profession has been shaped by a number of historical events/eras. Order these in chronological order (oldest to newest):
 The Depression
 Fever Hospitals
 Moral Treatment
 World War 1
 Vocational Rehabilitation Act (North America)
 World War 2

Back 57

1. Moral Treatment
2. Fever Hospitals
3. World War 1
4. Vocational Rehabilitation Act (North America)
5. World War 2

Front 58

The role of the occupational therapist in the area of productivity includes:
a. Increasing worker physical fitness for the job
b. Painmanagement
c. Time management
d. StressManagement
e. All of the above

Back 58

e. All of the above

Front 59

Hans Selye described two adaptation processes when there is stress and disease.
These are:
a) Local and general adaptation syndromes
b) Specific and systemic adaptation syndromes
c) Homeostatic and inflammatory adaptation mechanisms
d) Homeostatic and cardinal adaptation syndromes

Back 59

a) Local and general adaptation syndromes

Front 60

The General Adaptation Syndrome is a local response to injury or infection. (True/False)

Back 60

false

Front 61

Select the five cardinal signs of the Local Adaptation Syndrome:
 Fatigue
 Swelling
 Hypertension
 Breathlessness
 Heat
 Fainting
 Redness
 Pain
 Thirst
 Loss of function

Back 61

Swelling
Heat
redness
pain
Loss of function

Front 62

62) The inflammatory response is the local response to:
a) Disease or infection
b) Pathogens or infection
c) Injury or injection
d) Injury or infection

Back 62

d) Injury or infection

Front 63

The three stages of the general adaptation syndrome are:
a) The alarm reaction, the stage of resistance and the stage of healing
b) The stage of infection, the stage of resistance and the stage of exhaustion
c) The alarm reaction,the stage of resistance and the stage of exhaustion
d) The stage of infection, the stage of the immune response and the stage of
healing

Back 63

c) The alarm reaction,the stage of resistance and the stage of exhaustion

Front 64

The physiological response to stress includes the mobilisation of:
a) The autonomic nervous system and the parasympathetic nervous system
b) The autonomic system and the endocrine system
c) Theendocrinesystemandthecirculatorysystem
d) The circulatory system and the autonomic nervous system

Back 64

b) The autonomic system and the endocrine system

Front 65

The stressor effects depends on what we do and what happens to us. True or False

Back 65

false

Front 66

The adaptive response can be both physiological and psychological. True or False

Back 66

true

Front 67

In relation to individual adaptation processes, coping is:
a) an immediate response of a person to a threatening situation
b) a delayed response of a person to a threatening situation
c) the final response or change that occurs
d) the final adaptation that occurs

Back 67

a) an immediate response of a person to a threatening situation

Front 68

According to Maslach (1982), burnout is a:
a) Syndrome of emotional depletion, depersonalisation, and reduced personal satisfaction that can occur among individuals who work with people
b) Syndrome of emotional degradation, depersonalisation, and reduced personal accomplishment that can occur among individuals who work with people
c) Syndrome of emotional exhaustion, depersonalisation, and reduced attainment of goals can occur among individuals who work with people
d) Syndrome of emotional exhaustion, depersonalisation, and reduced personal accomplishment that can occur among individuals who work with people

Back 68

d) Syndrome of emotional exhaustion, depersonalisation, and reduced personal accomplishment that can occur among individuals who work with people

Front 69

Work-related disease is responsible for an estimated 7000 – 10,000 premature deaths per year in New Zealand. True or False

Back 69

false

Front 70

Common factors leading to injury in the workplace include which of the following:
a) Fixed, sustained, rigid, prolonged postures
b) Fire, steam and smoke
c) Handling or reaching away from the body
d) Sudden, uncontrolled or jerky movements
e) Symmetricalposturesandhandlingtechniques
f) Inappropriate use of equipment
g) Force combined with vibration
h) Wholebodyvibration
i) Twisted approach to ergonomics

Back 70

a) Fixed, sustained, rigid, prolonged postures
c) Handling or reaching away from the body
d) Sudden, uncontrolled or jerky movements
h) Wholebodyvibration
i) Twisted approach to ergonomics

Front 71

The year of “The Health and Safety in Employment Amendment Act” (HSE) is:
a) 2003
b) 1993
c) 1992
d) 2002

Back 71

d) 2002

Front 72

The principal objective of section 5 of the HSE is for employees to take primary responsibility in the promotion of excellence in safety and prevention of harm to employees at work.
True or False

Back 72

false

Front 73

73) According to the HSE which of the following are included in the definition of ‘serious harm’?
a) Any harm requiring more than 12 hours of hospitalisation within 7 days of the incident which caused harm
b) Death of a worker
c) Facial scarring
d) Burns needing specialist intervention
e) Amputation of a body part
f) Loss of consciousness from lack of oxygen
g) Loss of blood supply to extremities

Back 73

a) Any harm requiring more than 12 hours of hospitalisation within 7 days of the incident which caused harm
d) Burns needing specialist intervention
f) Loss of consciousness from lack of oxygen

Front 74

The
significant hazards. List the following interventions in the correct order.
HSE describes a hierarchy of interventions in terms of addressing
a) The isolation of significant hazards
b) The minimisation of the significant hazards
c) The elimination of significant hazards

Back 74

1) The isolation of significant hazards
2) The minimisation of the significant hazards
3) The elimination of significant hazards

Front 75

Erecting barriers is an example of which type of hazard intervention:
a) Isolation
b) Elimination
c) Minimisation

Back 75

a) Isolation

Front 76

Wearing personal protective equipment is an example of which type of hazard intervention:
a) Isolation
b) Elimination
c) Minimisation

Back 76

c) Minimisation

Front 77

Automation of processes is an example of which type of hazard intervention:
a) Isolation
b) Elimination
c) Minimisation

Back 77

b) Elimination

Front 78

The HSE Act requires employers to provide information to employees. Section 12 requires that employers make available to employees the results of workplace health and safety monitoring.
True or False

Back 78

true

Front 79

Section 13 of the HSE Act requires employers to provide supervision and adequate training to employees to enable safe use of equipment/safety gear. True or False

Back 79

true

Front 80

Section 26 of the HSE Act requires an employer to leave the scene of an injury undisturbed where serious harm has occurred. Which of the following scenarios are exempt from this requirement. When there is a need to:
a) Save the life of an animal
b) Maintain access of the public to their place of abode
c) Prevent serious damage or loss of property
d) Prevent minimal damage to expensive equipment
e) Save the life of a human being
f) Maintain access of the public to an essential service
g) Maintain access of the public to their place of employment

Back 80

c) Prevent serious damage or loss of property
e) Save the life of a human being
f) Maintain access of the public to an essential service