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123 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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identify the primary categories of occupations that are used when looking at occupations from an occupational therapy perspective
a. washing b. hobbies c. environment d. work e. person f. leisure g. occupation h. self care i. shopping j. eating k. productivity l. volunteering |
f. leisure
h. self care k. productivity or work |
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identify the other terms that are often used interchangeably with occupational analysis
a. task b. action c. method d. adaptation e. sequence f. activity |
a. task
f. activity |
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the goal of occupational analysis is to:
a. to understand as much as possible about an activity b. to understand the particular skills required to do an activity competently c. to understand an activity's relationship to participation at large d. to ensure a fit between the activity, the individual and the environment e. all of the above |
e. all of the above
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occupational performance is defined as the ability of groups of people to interact with each other dynamically
True or False? |
False
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three factors that should be considered when analysing a task are:
a. familiarity with the task, finances required to perform the task, novelty of the task b. individual skills to perform the task, the sequential steps of the task, the surrounding environment in which the task occurs c. individual skills to perform the task, the surrounding environment in which the task occurs, the novelty of the task d. the sequential stages of the task, individual skills to perform the task, novelty of the task e. individual skills to perform the task, is an everyday task, the novelty of the task |
b. individual skills to perform the task, the sequential stages of the task, the surrounding environment in which the task occurs
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identify the following four components that belong on the three inter-linking circle diagram:
occupation, doing, performing, environment, surroundings, person, attitude, cultural, occupational performance |
occupation, environment, person, with occupational performance where they all link together.
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identify the contextual factors that could impact on occupational performance:
a. ethnicity b. values c. beliefs d. physical environment e. relationships with others f. person's age g. person's gender h. time factors i. all of the above |
i. all of the above
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order these occupation related behaviours and abilities as a hierarchical order:
occupations, abilities, roles, tasks, actions |
1. abilities
2. actions 3. tasks 4. occupations 5. roles |
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select the areas that are considered when undertaking an environmental analysis:
a. sequence b. social c. role d. cultural e. demand f. action g. physical |
b. social
d. cultural g. physical |
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Hagedorn (2000) refers to the 5 C's. these are components of microanalysis of the environment.
True or False? |
True
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the immediate physical surroundings of an individual consists of two or three dimensional objects and supporting surfaces or constructs. when looking at Hagedorn's 5 C's, this refers to:
a. communication b. content c. comfort d. convenience e. cues |
b. content
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objects occupy space and usually have physical relationships to each other as arranged on a surface, and to the individual. the physical arrangement of objects required for a task and the ease of access to them are important. which one of the 5 C's is this?
a. communication b. content c. comfort d. convenience e. cues |
c. convenience
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the human body operates best when homeostasis is readily maintained, so extremes of heat, cold, noise, wetness or any unpleasant sensation affects performance and may pose a threat. surroundings, tasks and contexts which are familiar may also be experienced as threats. which one of the 5 C's is this?
a. communication b. content c. comfort d. convenience e. cues |
c. comfort
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the information content of objects, surfaces and people combine to indicate expected behaviour within the immediate environment. which one of the 5 C's is this?
a. communication b. content c. comfort d. convenience e. cues |
e. cues
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other people in the immediate environment of an individual- within arms' reach- are within a highly sensitive zone of proximity. which one of the 5 C's is this?
a. communication b. content c. comfort d. convenience e. cues |
a. communication
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to accommodate the majority of a population when designing everyday objects, the 5th percentile male and 95th percentile female dimensions are used.
True or False? |
False.
(its the other way around) |
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anthropometrics:
a. looks at the measurement of the human body b. uses data that is commonly applied to individuals wearing jackets or outdoor clothing c. is focused on understanding human physical variation d. a & c e. all of the answers stated |
D. a & c
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epidemiology describes the distribution of a given disease, frequency of occurrence, age, sex, racial incidence.
True or False? |
True
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the symptoms of a disease or disorder that a patient experiences refers to the:
a. pathology b. aetiology c. prognosis d. epidemiology e. manifestation |
e. manifestation
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body structures are the physiological and psychological functions of the body.
True or False? |
True
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body functions are the anatomical parts of the body, such as organs, limbs and their components.
True or False? |
False
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activity limitations are referred to as the problems an individual may have in involvement in life situations.
True or False? |
False
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participation restrictions are referred to as the problems an individual may have in involvement in life situations.
True or False? |
True
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the ICF stands for:
a. International Classification of Functioning & Disability b. International Cystic Fibrosis c. International Classification of Functioning, Disability & health d. Internal Calcification of the Femur e. Internal Classification of Functioning |
c. International Classification of Functioning, Disability and health
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According to the ICF which of the following personal factors are considered
part of context: a. Education b. Pet ownership c. Habits d. Sexual orientation e. Transport f. Hobbies g. Lifestyle |
a. education
c. habits d. sexual orientation g. lifestyle |
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The underlying assumptions of the ICF in relation to human functioning is that the primary focus is on disease or impairment. (T/F)
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False
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Abnormalities that are appreciable by the patient him/herself, eg pain, giddiness. This refers to:
a. symptoms b. signs c. risk factors d. systemic e. diagnosis |
a. symptoms
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Abnormalities appreciable by an observer, eg rise in temperature, blood pressure. This refers to:
a. symptoms b. signs c. risk factors d. systemic e. diagnosis |
B. signs
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A disease that involves the entire body as a whole. This refers to: a. symptoms
b. signs c. risk factors d. systemic e. diagnosis |
d. systematic
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Situations that contribute to a patient’s susceptibility to illness or injury, such as age or life style. This refers to:
a. symptoms b. signs c. risk factors d. systemic e. diagnosis |
c. risk factors
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The identification of a disease or condition by a scientific evaluation of abnormalities, history, and tests. This refers to:
a. symptoms b. signs c. risk factors d. systemic e. diagnosis |
e. diagnosis
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Osteoarthritis affects approximately 305,000 people in New Zealand. This refers to the incidence of the disease (T/F)
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true
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One in five people with osteoarthritis have to give up work or retire early because of their condition. This is an example of an activity limitation. (T/F)
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true
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Osteoarthritis commonly affects the following joints of the hand:
a. Distal interphalangeal, proximal interphalangeal and lateral interphalangeal joints b. Distal interphalangeal, proximal interphalangeal and carpometacarpal joints c. Distal phalangeal and proximal phalangeal joints d. Bouchard’s and Heberden’s joints |
b. distal interphalangeal, proximal interphalangeal and carpometacarpal joints
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An example of homeostatic imbalance of the musculoskeletal system, is a degenerative joint disease characterised by deterioration of articular cartilage in synovial joints. This disorder is called:
a. bursitis b. gout c. osteoarthritis d. rheumatoid arthritis e. ankylosing spondylitis |
c. osteoarthirits
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osteoarthritis occurs in primarily fibrous joints such as the knee joint (T/F)
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false
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joints that are particularly vulnerable to osteoarthritis are the hands and feet. (T/F)
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false
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Joints that are weight-bearing are particularly vulnerable in osteoarthritis, for example the hips and knees (T/F)
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true
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n osteoarthritis the following can occur:
a. articular cartilage in the joint is worn down b. the joint space between the bones can become smaller c. there can be rubbing of bones in the joint d. all of the answers listed are correct |
d. all of the answers listed are correct
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The primary risk factors associated with osteoarthritis are obesity and occupations. Genetics is considered to be a rare association (T/F)
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true
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Visible changes to the joint include protrusions of bones and cartilage, these are termed as:
a. osteoblasts b. osteoclasts c. osteocytes d. osteophytes e. osteons |
d. osteophytes
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Pathological changes attributable to osteoarthritis include:
a. synovial fluid becoming thicker resulting in more friction and less force absorption in the joint b. micro cracks in the cartilage occur ultimately resulting in cartilage fragments in the joint space, uncovering subchondral bone and synovial inflammation c. sclerosis of the bone and osteophyte formation around the edges d. all of the answers listed are correct |
d. all of the answers listed are correct
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When referring to joints in the body that are susceptible to osteoarthritis common themes that occur are:
a. wear and tear of the joint b. repetitive and excessive forces in the joint c. wear and tear of the joint AND repetitive and excessive forces in the joint d. fractured joints are more susceptible |
c. wear and tear of the joint AND repetitive and excessive forces in the joint
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Productivity is defined as:
a. occupations that make a social or economic contribution b. occupations for looking after the self c. occupations undertaken for enjoyment d. occupations that provide for economic sustenance e. occupations that make a social or economic contribution and occupations that provide for economic sustenance |
e. occupations that make a social or economic contribution and occupations that provide for economic sustenance
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Victor (1994, cited by Yuill & McMillan, 1998) identifies four functions of work as being universal to the experience of paid work. They are:
a. income, satisfaction, enjoyment, wealth b. structure, social relationships, enjoyment, wealth c. social status, income, social networking, enjoyment d. social relationships, income, structure, social status e. enjoyment, satisfaction, income, structure |
d. social relationships, income, structure, social status
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Marx wrote extensively about the organisation and role of work. He considered work to be an essential aspect of being human (T/F)
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true
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In the area of productivity, occupational therapists might offer services to:
a. people with disabilities who need to establish or re-establish skills and abilities b. the injured worker to restore function and to recover capacities needed to return to the job c. non-disabled workers to prevent injury (or illness) at the workplace d. help those clients who are displaced or retired early from work to re-establish their sense of productivity and work e. all of the answers stated |
e. all of the answers stated
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Demand analysis, undertaken by the therapist, involves analysing skill demand, educational demand and developmental demand. Skill demand specifically considers:
a. physical, sensory, cognitive, social interaction b. cognitive, attitudes, posture and balance, sensory development, c. social interaction, knowledge, attitudes, posture and balance d. sensory, knowledge, attitudes, posture and balance e. knowledge, attitudes, posture and balance, sensory development, |
a. physical, sensory, cognitive, social interaction
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Knowing how to do something is an essential pre-requisite for task performance (T/F)
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true
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Identify the relevant examples of productive occupations:
a. child play b. hobbies c. school work d. washing self e. tertiary study f. homemaking g. eating h. parenting i. community volunteering j. shopping k. employment |
a. child play
c. school work e. tertiary study f. homemaking h. parenting i. community volunteering k. employment |
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According to the ICF, what individuals do in their current environment, which brings in the aspect of a person's involvement in life situations, are referred to as:
a. Personal Factors b. Facilitators c. Barriers d. Capacity e. Performance |
e. Performance
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According to the ICF, factors that improve functioning and reduce disability, such as a physical environment that is accessible, the availability of relevant assistive technology, and positive attitudes of people towards disability, as well as services, systems and policies that aim to increase the involvement of all people with a health condition in any area of life, are referred to as:
a. Personal Factors b. Facilitators c. Barriers d. Capacity e. Performance |
b. Facilitators
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According to the ICF, factors that relate to the individual such as age, gender, social status, life experiences, are referred to as:
a. Personal Factors b. Facilitators c. Barriers d. Capacity e. Performance |
a. Personal Factors
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According to the ICF, factors that limit functioning and create disability, such as a physical environment that is inaccessible, lack of relevant assistive technology, and negative attitudes of people towards disability, as well as services, systems and policies that are either non-existent or that hinder the involvement of all people with a health condition in any area of life, are referred to as:
a. Personal Factors b. Facilitators c. Barriers d. Capacities e. Performance |
c. Barriers
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According to the ICF, this is the highest probable level of functioning that a person may reach in a domain in the activities and participation list at a given moment. This is referred to as:
a. Personal Factors b. Facilitators c. Barriers d. Capacity e. Performance |
d. Capacity
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According to the ICF, together these constitute the complete context of an individual's life, and in particular, the background against which health states are classified in the ICF. They are:
a. Contextual and Psychosocial b. Psychosocial and Environmental c. Environmental and Personal d. PerformanceandPersonal e. Cultural and Contextual |
a. Contextual and Psychosocial
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Occupational therapy as a profession has been shaped by a number of historical events/eras. Order these in chronological order (oldest to newest):
The Depression Fever Hospitals Moral Treatment World War 1 Vocational Rehabilitation Act (North America) World War 2 |
1. Moral Treatment
2. Fever Hospitals 3. World War 1 4. Vocational Rehabilitation Act (North America) 5. World War 2 |
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The role of the occupational therapist in the area of productivity includes:
a. Increasing worker physical fitness for the job b. Painmanagement c. Time management d. StressManagement e. All of the above |
e. All of the above
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Hans Selye described two adaptation processes when there is stress and disease.
These are: a) Local and general adaptation syndromes b) Specific and systemic adaptation syndromes c) Homeostatic and inflammatory adaptation mechanisms d) Homeostatic and cardinal adaptation syndromes |
a) Local and general adaptation syndromes
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The General Adaptation Syndrome is a local response to injury or infection. (True/False)
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false
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Select the five cardinal signs of the Local Adaptation Syndrome:
Fatigue Swelling Hypertension Breathlessness Heat Fainting Redness Pain Thirst Loss of function |
Swelling
Heat redness pain Loss of function |
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62) The inflammatory response is the local response to:
a) Disease or infection b) Pathogens or infection c) Injury or injection d) Injury or infection |
d) Injury or infection
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The three stages of the general adaptation syndrome are:
a) The alarm reaction, the stage of resistance and the stage of healing b) The stage of infection, the stage of resistance and the stage of exhaustion c) The alarm reaction,the stage of resistance and the stage of exhaustion d) The stage of infection, the stage of the immune response and the stage of healing |
c) The alarm reaction,the stage of resistance and the stage of exhaustion
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The physiological response to stress includes the mobilisation of:
a) The autonomic nervous system and the parasympathetic nervous system b) The autonomic system and the endocrine system c) Theendocrinesystemandthecirculatorysystem d) The circulatory system and the autonomic nervous system |
b) The autonomic system and the endocrine system
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The stressor effects depends on what we do and what happens to us. True or False
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false
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The adaptive response can be both physiological and psychological. True or False
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true
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In relation to individual adaptation processes, coping is:
a) an immediate response of a person to a threatening situation b) a delayed response of a person to a threatening situation c) the final response or change that occurs d) the final adaptation that occurs |
a) an immediate response of a person to a threatening situation
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According to Maslach (1982), burnout is a:
a) Syndrome of emotional depletion, depersonalisation, and reduced personal satisfaction that can occur among individuals who work with people b) Syndrome of emotional degradation, depersonalisation, and reduced personal accomplishment that can occur among individuals who work with people c) Syndrome of emotional exhaustion, depersonalisation, and reduced attainment of goals can occur among individuals who work with people d) Syndrome of emotional exhaustion, depersonalisation, and reduced personal accomplishment that can occur among individuals who work with people |
d) Syndrome of emotional exhaustion, depersonalisation, and reduced personal accomplishment that can occur among individuals who work with people
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Work-related disease is responsible for an estimated 7000 – 10,000 premature deaths per year in New Zealand. True or False
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false
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Common factors leading to injury in the workplace include which of the following:
a) Fixed, sustained, rigid, prolonged postures b) Fire, steam and smoke c) Handling or reaching away from the body d) Sudden, uncontrolled or jerky movements e) Symmetricalposturesandhandlingtechniques f) Inappropriate use of equipment g) Force combined with vibration h) Wholebodyvibration i) Twisted approach to ergonomics |
a) Fixed, sustained, rigid, prolonged postures
c) Handling or reaching away from the body d) Sudden, uncontrolled or jerky movements h) Wholebodyvibration i) Twisted approach to ergonomics |
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The year of “The Health and Safety in Employment Amendment Act” (HSE) is:
a) 2003 b) 1993 c) 1992 d) 2002 |
d) 2002
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The principal objective of section 5 of the HSE is for employees to take primary responsibility in the promotion of excellence in safety and prevention of harm to employees at work.
True or False |
false
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73) According to the HSE which of the following are included in the definition of ‘serious harm’?
a) Any harm requiring more than 12 hours of hospitalisation within 7 days of the incident which caused harm b) Death of a worker c) Facial scarring d) Burns needing specialist intervention e) Amputation of a body part f) Loss of consciousness from lack of oxygen g) Loss of blood supply to extremities |
a) Any harm requiring more than 12 hours of hospitalisation within 7 days of the incident which caused harm
d) Burns needing specialist intervention f) Loss of consciousness from lack of oxygen |
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The
significant hazards. List the following interventions in the correct order. HSE describes a hierarchy of interventions in terms of addressing a) The isolation of significant hazards b) The minimisation of the significant hazards c) The elimination of significant hazards |
1) The isolation of significant hazards
2) The minimisation of the significant hazards 3) The elimination of significant hazards |
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Erecting barriers is an example of which type of hazard intervention:
a) Isolation b) Elimination c) Minimisation |
a) Isolation
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Wearing personal protective equipment is an example of which type of hazard intervention:
a) Isolation b) Elimination c) Minimisation |
c) Minimisation
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Automation of processes is an example of which type of hazard intervention:
a) Isolation b) Elimination c) Minimisation |
b) Elimination
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The HSE Act requires employers to provide information to employees. Section 12 requires that employers make available to employees the results of workplace health and safety monitoring.
True or False |
true
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Section 13 of the HSE Act requires employers to provide supervision and adequate training to employees to enable safe use of equipment/safety gear. True or False
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true
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Section 26 of the HSE Act requires an employer to leave the scene of an injury undisturbed where serious harm has occurred. Which of the following scenarios are exempt from this requirement. When there is a need to:
a) Save the life of an animal b) Maintain access of the public to their place of abode c) Prevent serious damage or loss of property d) Prevent minimal damage to expensive equipment e) Save the life of a human being f) Maintain access of the public to an essential service g) Maintain access of the public to their place of employment |
c) Prevent serious damage or loss of property
e) Save the life of a human being f) Maintain access of the public to an essential service |
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3) The goal of occupational analysis is to: a. to understand as much as possible about an activity b. to understand the particular skills required to do an activity competently c. to understand an activity’s relationship to participation at large d. to ensure a fit between the activity, the individual, and the environment e. all of the above |
e. all of the above |
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94)Manual handling refers to: a. Handling of loads by machines b. Handling of loads by human effort c. Handling of loads by human effort and machines in tandem |
c. Handling of loads by human effort and machines in tandem |
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95)With reference to assessment of handling risk, the letters LITE stand for: a. Load, individual, task and environment b. Load, individual, task and ergonomics c. Load, individual, tolerance and ergonomics d. Load, individual, tolerance and environment |
a. Load, individual, task and environment |
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96)Assessment of manual handling risk can be described using the letters LITE. Identify what each letter stands for and provide one example of each. (4 marks) |
Load, individual, task and environment |
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97)Risk assessment involves analysing a number of factors, assessing the degree of bending and stretching required is relevant to which of the following: a. Load b. Individual c. Task d. Environment |
c. Task |
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98)Risk assessment involves analysing a number of factors, assessing weight and position is relevant to which of the following: a. Load b. Individual c. Task d. Environment |
a. Load |
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99)Risk assessment involves analysing a number of factors, assessing skills and confidence is relevant to which of the following: a. Load b. Individual c. Task d. Environment |
b. Individual |
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100)Risk assessment involves analysing a number of factors, assessing hazards and lighting is relevant to which of the following: a. Load b. Individual c. Task d. Environment |
d. Environment |
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101)Which of the following describe safe biomechanical principles when moving and handling loads: a. Stand in a stable position b. Keep your feet together c. Bend your knees d. Relax abdominal muscles e. Move smoothly and slowly f. Move quickly |
a. Stand in a stable position, c. Bend your knees, e. Move smoothly and slowly |
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102)Which of the following are unsafe techniques when moving and handling people: a. Keeping the head up b. Standing in a stooped position c. Tightening the abdominal muscles d. Using the shoulders to hoist the client e. Twisting the spine f. Keeping feet shoulder width apart |
d. Using the shoulders to hoist the client, e. twisting the spine |
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103)Keeping the load close is fundamental to the safe moving and handling of a load. (True/False) |
True |
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A frail older woman named Rosie has been referred to your Occupational Therapy activity group being held in the local village hall. She is a wheelchair user and requires assistance of two people for toileting, which occurs hourly. The toilet is some distance from your activity room and is a long narrow room. 104)Assessing the height of the toilet, and determining whether the wheelchair is able to be turned in the toilet is an assessment of what? a. The load b. The environment c. The task d. Individual capacity |
b. The environment |
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105)Assessing how well the staff are able to communicate with Rosie and how clear their instructions are is an assessment of what? a. The load b. The environment c. The task d. Individual capacity |
b. The environment |
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106) Assessing whether Rosie can weightbear and the amount of assistance she is able to provide when dressing or undressing is an assessment of what? a. The load b. The environment c. The task d. Individual capacity |
d. Individual capacity |
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107)Assessing how far the staff will need to reach when assisting Rosie to sit down on the toilet is an assessment of what? a. The load b. The environment c. The task d. Individual capacity |
c. The task |
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108)From a biomechanical perspective, twisting the vertebral column while lifting results in increased torsional forces on the intervertebral discs. (True/False) |
True |
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109)From a biomechanical perspective, lifting with straight legs results in decreased internal forces on the back muscles. (True/False) |
False |
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110)Fill in the missing space with the correct answer. The New Zealand Moving and Handling Guidelines (2012) specify that a load over _____ kilograms represents an increased risk of injury and harm |
? |
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5) Do all occupations/ activities fit neatly under either heading of self care, work or leisure? Provide and example to illustrate your answer. |
no. (provide own example) |
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8) What is the definition of occupational analysis according to Trombly Latham (2008)? (2 marks) |
? |
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9) Listing the supplies, costs and equipment required for the occupation/activity is one aspect of occupational analysis - identify four others (4 marks) |
? |
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17)What is the definition of occupational performance according to Fasoli (2008)? (2 marks) |
? |
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18)Describe what is meant by ‘fit’ of the person, occupation, and environment according to Watson and Wilson (2003). (2 marks |
? |
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19) Describe the potential ‘misfit’ of person, occupation and environment when a person becomes a wheelchair user and is trying to mobilise in the environment. (2 marks) |
? |
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20) Hagedorn (2000) outlines five components of microanalysis of the environment. Describe the term ‘Content’ and use examples to illustrate your answer. (2 marks) |
? |
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21) Hagedorn (2000) outlines five components of microanalysis of the environment. Describe the term ‘Communication’ and use examples to illustrate your answer. (2 marks) |
? |
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22) Hagedorn (2000) outlines five components of microanalysis of the environment. Describe the term ‘Cue’ and use examples to illustrate your answer. (2 marks) |
? |
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23) Hagedorn (2000) outlines five components of microanalysis of the environment. Describe the term ‘Comfort’ and use examples to illustrate your answer. (2 marks |
? |
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24) Hagedorn (2000) outlines five components of microanalysis of the environment. Describe the term ‘Convenience’ and use examples to illustrate your answer. (2 marks) |
? |
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25) How does Hagedorn (2000) define the cultural environment. Provide examples to illustrate the definition. (2 marks) |
? |
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29) Provide an appropriate example for each of the terms below using the role of a Baker. Role: Baker Occupation: Task: Action: Ability: |
Occupation: icing a cake Task: using icing and making it into a pattern on the top of the cake Action: Ability: hand-eye coordination, fine motor skills, |
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Do all occupations/activities for nearly under the heading self care, work or leisure? Provide and example to illustrate your answer. |
No. This is because the same activity can have a different meaning to different individuals. For example, exercise might be a liesure activity for one person but a chore/self care activity for someone else. |
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Anthropometrics: A) looks at the measurement of the human body B) uses data that is commonly applied to individuals wearing jackets or outdoor clothing C) is focussed on understanding human physical variation D) a and c D) all of the above |
A and c |
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Order these occupation-related behaviours and abilities as a hierarchical order: occupations, abilities, roles, tasks, actions |
1. Abilities 2. Actions 3. Tasks 4. Occupations 5. Roles |
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Identify the four components that belong on the diagram (a,b,c and d) |
Occupation, environment, person, occupational performance |
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What is the definition of occupational performance according to Trombly Latham (2008)? |
"Activity analysis is used to analyse and assess performance, ,to select occupations to remediate deficient capacities and abilities or knowing the person's skills, abilities and capacities to select and modify activity to ensure successful completion of the activity" |
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What is the definition of occupational performance according to Fasoli (2008)? |
"Ability of individuals to satisfactorily perform purposeful daily activities (occupations). This involves the dynamic transaction among the client, context or environment and the activity" |
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Describe what is meant by 'fit' of the person, occupation and environment according to Watson and Wilson (2003) |
The alignment of skills and abilities of and individual, the demands of the activity and the characteristics of physical, social and cultural environments |
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Describe the potential misfit of a person, occupation and environment when a person becomes a wheelchair user and it trying to mobilise in the environment. |
If a person becomes a wheelchair user but they have stairs in and around their home, there is a misfit between the person and the environment and the activity as it is difficult to mobilise. |
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Hagedorn (2000) outlines five components of microanalysis of the environment. describe the term 'content' and use examples to illustrate your answer |
The immediate physical surroundings of and individual consist of two or three dimensional objects and supporting surfaces or constructs. E.g the content of a bathroom could be: toothbrush, toilet, towel, soap, sink, tap, toiletries etc etc |
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Hagdorn (2000) outlines five components of microanalysis of the environment. Describe the term communication with examples. |
The information content of objects, surfaces and people combine to indicate expected behaviour within the immediate environment. For example communication within a working environment may involves liasing with various other colleagues, working in teams to get things done. |
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Hagdorn outlines five components of microanalysis of the environment. Describe the term convenience with examples |
Objects occupy space and usually have physical relationships to each other as arranges in a Surface, and to the individual. The physical arrangement of objects required for a task and the ease of access to them are important. Eg in a kitchen, convenience refers to the placements of things like the stove, fridge and working space so that it is practical and convenient (eg the working triangle) |
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How does have dorm define the cultural environment? Provide examples to illustrate the definition |
"The cultural environment is often difficult to define because it originates from a combination of concepts, expected behaviours and valued symbols which influence the actions of a group of people" |
