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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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the origons of fish date how far back?
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500 million years
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how many species of fish are there worldwide?
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25000
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define chordates.
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animals having a dorsal nerve chord , nototchord and pharyngeal gill slits at some stage of development; includes all protochordates and vertebrae
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hwo do sea squirts get their name?
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they squirt water when disturbed
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another name for sea squirts is:
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tunicates.
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what do sea squirts share with mollusks?
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an incurrent and excurrent siphon
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sea squirts have both male and female reproductive organs. does self fertilization occur?
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generally, no
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how many kinds of jawless fishes are alive today?
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two.
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name the two kinds of jawless fishes.
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the lamprey and the hagfish.
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How many species of cartilaginous fish are there?
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less than 700
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What do cartilaginous fish breathe with?
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Gill slits
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How do some bottom feeding cartilaginous fish breathe?
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they pump water trough their sphocles over their gill slits.
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What is a shared Characteristic of all sharks?
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a ventral mouth
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How large can the "wingspan" of of a manta ray get?
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7 meters.
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With what does the stingray inflict pain?
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With the sharp barb at the end of it's tail.
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How manny teeth can the sawfish's nose contain?
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up to 24.
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Where is the sandpiper commonly found?
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The intertidal zone.
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What is the sandpipers main souece of food?
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Invertebrates such as worms and insects.
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What does the oystercatcher eat?
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Mollusks of various types.
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Where is the oyster catcher found?
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Sandy beaches on the Atlantic and gulf coasts.
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What other species of birds are in the same family as egrets?
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Herons and flamingos.
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Name several types of sea ducks.
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Mergansers, Eiders, Grebes, and loons.
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Name the steps a coormorant takes when diving for food.
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It folds it wings, tuck in it's feet, and dives for the water.
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How does the brown pelican use its neck pouch?
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it uses it as a net to scoop the fish out of the water.
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What is the wingspan of an albatros?
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3 meters.
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how long may the albatros stay ay sea for?>
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3 to 4 years.
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Name the fins of a shark.
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Pectoral fins, First dorsal fin, second dorsal fin, anal fin, pelvic fins, and cauldal fin.
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How do sharks reproduce?
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male sharks use organs called claspers to transfer sperm into the female.
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What is the percent of fish that belong to the class ostheoicthys?
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95%.
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what is one way to tell the age of a fish?
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some of the scales may have bands that indicate one year of growth.
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What is the sense organ located in the sharks nose?
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The Amullae of Lorenzini.
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How have bony fish adapted to life in the water?
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They have thick scales and secrete mucus from their skin.
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What Purpose does the mucus on a fidh derve?
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It acts as a barrier against infection and reduces friction on the fish so it can swim faster.
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What is the flap of skin that covers the gills?
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It is the operculum.
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How does a fish use it gills?
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The fish pumps water through the mouth to the gill while closing the opeculum. The gills diffuse oxygen from the water and send it into the blood stream.
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What are fish that have the ability to swim called?
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They are called nekton.
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How do fish swim?
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They use their fins and contract muscles to move.
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What is the fastest fish in the ocean?
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According to some, the swordfish.
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What does pelagic mean?
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open water.
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What does the speed of a fish depend on?
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The body shape and power.
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What is the body shape of a tuna?
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It is the fusiform shape.
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How are the fastest speeds obtained in fish?
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when a fish uses its tail to propel itself the water.
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What type of blood are fish?
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Most are cold-blooded, or more properly Ectothermic.
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What are feeding methods of seabirds?
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They are, forging in the sand, short trips to the sea, and diving.
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How does the side to side motion of a fish cause it to move forward?
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When a fish tail pushes against the water, swirling currents called vortices are produced. Scientist have hypothisied that these vorticies produce thrust which propels the fish forward.
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