Obstructive Lung Disorders Pathology

Front 1

What are the structural differences between bronchi and bronchioles?

Back 1

Bronchi:
Cartilage
SM
Mucosal glands

Bronchioles:
No cartilage
No glands

Front 2

What are the white lines? White dots? What runs through both?

Back 2

White lines: interlobular septae

Dots: bronchovascular bundles - lymphatics, bronchi

Front 3

What structures are present here?

Back 3

The different components of the normal lung

Front 4

What are the different conditions under the heading of obstructive pathology?

Back 4

Empysema
Chronic Bronchitis
Asthma
Bronchiectasis

Front 5

What are the characteristics of centriacinar emphysema?

Back 5

Involves central/proximal parts of the acini
More severe in upper lobes
Predominant in heavy smokers

Front 6

What are the characteristics of panacinar emphysema?

Back 6

Acini uniformly involved from resp. bronchiole donw
More severe at bases
Associated with alpha-1-antitrypsin problems

Front 7

What types of lung pathology is happening in each picture?

Back 7

Left: centraacinar emphysema
Right: paraacinar

Front 8

What are the symptoms of empysema?

Back 8

Dyspnea
Cough, wheezing
Weight loss

Front 9

When do patients with emphysema start to show symptoms?

Back 9

When 1/3 of the lung parenchyma is destroyed

Front 10

What is the cute description of people with emphysema?

Back 10

"Pink puffers"

Front 11

What are the symptoms of chronic bronchitis?

Back 11

Persistent cough with sputum production

Dyspnea upon exertion

Front 12

What are serious systemic secondary problems to chronic bronchitis?

Back 12

Cor pulmonale
Cardiac failure
Recurrent bacterial infections

Front 13

What is the cute description of people with chronic bronchitis?

Back 13

Blue bloaters

Front 14

What pathology is present here?

What are some observations that lead you to think this?

Back 14

Chronic bronchitis

Inflammation of the bronchial wals
Increase in mucus secreting golbet cells

Front 15

What are the different types of asthma?

Back 15

Atopic asthma
Nonatopic asthma
Drug-induced asthma
Occupational asthma

Front 16

What triggers atopic asthma?

Back 16

Environmental antigens

Front 17

What type of a hypersensitivity reaction happens in atopic asthma?

Back 17

TypeI hypersensitivity

Front 18

What is a cause of nonatopic asthma/

Back 18

Virus

Lowers threshold of lung receptors to irritants

Front 19

What type of lung pathology is present? What causes you to think this?

Back 19

Asthma

Intact parenchema
Thinning of airway; basement membrane thickening
Edema and inflammatory infiltrate in wall
Mast cells, eosinophils
SM hypertrophy

Front 20

What do you see here? What conditions are these present in?

Back 20

Curschmann spirals: spirally shaped mucus plugs with lots of eosinophils inside of them.

Astma

Front 21

What condition is grossly present? What is the pathophysiology?

Back 21

Widening of the airways causes impeded mucociliary clearance. Causes severe obstructive disease.

Front 22

What is a fungal infection of the lungs that we learned about?

Back 22

Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis

Allergic reaction to a common fungus.

Front 23

What is the presentation of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis?

Back 23

Insidious cough
Abundant sputum

Impaired surfactant clearance from the lungs

Front 24

What are the three types of PAP?

Back 24

Acquired: most common - autoantibody to GM-CSF
Congenital
Secondary

Front 25

What is the treatment for PAP?

Back 25

Lavage

Front 26

What is goodpasture syndrome?

Back 26

AutoAbs against collagen IV

Front 27

What problems happen in the lungs due to goodpasture syndrome?

Back 27

Necrotizing hemorrhagic interstitial pneumonia due to destruction of the basement membrane.