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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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staining
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coloring microbes with a dye that emphasizes certain structures
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fixing
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attaching microbes to a microscope slide (fixing simultaneously kills the microbes and attaches them to the slide)
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basic dyes
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positive ion; more commonly used
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acidic dyes
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negative ion;
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negative staining
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a special stain that prepares colorless bacteria against a colored background; used to identify capsules
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differential stain
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used to distinguish among different kinds of bacteria; most common Gram Stain and Acid Fast Stain
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simple stain
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an aqueous/alcohol solution of a single basic dye; used to highlight the entire microbe so that shapes & structures are visible
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Gram Stain
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used to identify bacteria as gram positive (purple) or gram negative (pink)
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mordant
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a chemical solution used to intensify the stain
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counterstain
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stains that have a contrasting color to the primary stain; used to color gram negative bacteria
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primary stain
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used to identify gram positive bacteria
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Acid Fast Stain
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used to identify bacteria that have a waxy material in their cell walls; identify Microbacterium and Nocardia
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virulence
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the degree to which a pathogen can cause disease
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special stains
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used to color and isolate specific parts of microbes like endospores, flagellum, and presence of capsules
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endospore
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a special resistant dormant structure formed within a cell that protects a bacterium from adverse environmental conditions
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Endospore Staining
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used to identify endospores; most common endospore stain Schaeffer-Fulton endospore stain
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smear
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a thin film of material used for microscopic examination
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