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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the difference between speech and language impairment?
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Speech is the motor production of sound so lesions cause dysarthria/anarthria
Language is the comprehension and use of words and a lesion will result in aphagia/dysphagia |
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What are the neuro-anatomical structures for language?
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- Broca's and Wernicke's area
- Arcuate Fasiculus (and Superior Longitudinal Fasiculus) - MCA - Right side of the brain for emotion aspects of language |
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Conduction aphagia
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- comprehend and speak
- no repeat |
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Global aphagia
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- problem in all areas of language
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Anomic (non-parasylvian lesion)
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- cannot name, lesion at occipito-parietal
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Transcortical (2 types, non- parasylvian lesion)
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- Sensory: no naming/comprehend can repeat
- Lesion post to wernicke 2. Motor~ can name/repeat, decrease in spontaneous speech - Lesion ant to Broca |
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Broca's aphagia
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- non-fluent/expressive, difficulty with word production but can understand
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Wernicke's aphagia
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- fluent/receptive can produce words but no comprehension
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Bedside test to differentiate Broca vs Wernicke
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- Verbal fluency, comprehension to commands, writing, reading, repeating, naming
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Clinical Manifestations of problems in the 3 specific vision regions
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1. Ant to chiasm~ unilateral loss of vision
2. Chiasm~ bitemporal visual field loss 3. Post to Chiasm~ homonymous heminaopsia (more specific in optic radiation and occipital lobe) |
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3 common causes of anosmia
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1. nasal conjestion
2. trauma to cribriform plate 3. degenerative disease |
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Types of deafness and causes
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1. Conduction (infection, otosclerosis, Meniere's, etc)
2. Nerve/Retrocochlear defect (tumor/stroke/demyelination/congenital/infection) |
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Types and location of Somatosensory systems
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1. vitratory/touch/ proprioception (dorsal spinal cord)
2. pain/temp (antero-lateral spinal cord) |
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Describe the difference in lesions of primary vs secondary/association areas
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Primary~ deficit in specific sensory system
Secondary~ deficit in more than one area/integration of areas |
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Anatomical basis for cortical blindness
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Anton's syndrome~ bilateral occipital lesions (strong confabulations of vision)
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Anatomical basis for hemispatial neglect
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Lesions in parietal cause problems with unilateral and bilateral visual influences
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Anatomy of agnosias and recognizing in patients
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- Agnosias (unawareness) due to lesion in association areas
- Patient will have problems integrating more than one sensory area, more complex problems |
