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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What signs of liver disease are normal in pregnancy?
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Spider angiomata and palmar erythema (caused by elevated estrogen levels), decreased serum albumin, elevated serum alkaline phosphatase (mostly secondary to placental production), and elevated serum cholestrol
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What proteins produced by the liver are increased in response to estrogen?
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Fibrinogen, thyroid hormone binding globulin, and ceruloplasmin
Hepatic enzymes (AST and ALT) and PTT, on the other hand, are unchanged. |
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Hyperemesis gravidarum
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A more serious, pathologic form of nausea and vomiting in pregnancy.
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Melasma
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"Mask of pregnancy"; a blotchy, irregular hyperpigmentation of the forehead, cheeks, nose, and upper lip seen in some pregnant women. It results from elevated levels of sex steroids, and fades after delivery.
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What effect does pregnancy have on glomerular filtration rate?
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GFR increases to 50% higher than in the non-pregnant state.
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What effect does pregnancy have on cardiac output?
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During pregnancy, maternal cardiac output increases 30-50%, from 4.5L/min to approximately 6.0L/min.
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How does pregnancy effect the levels of fibrinogen and factors VII through X?
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Levels of fibrinogen and factors VII through X increase.
Pregnancy is considered a hypercoagulable state. |
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What is the most common complaint in pregnancy?
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Constipation
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How are PaO2 and PaCO2 affected by pregnancy?
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PaO2 increases to 104-108 mmHg and the PaCO2 decreases to 27-32 mmHg.
These alterations allow for a more favorable gradient for gas transfer at the placenta. |
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Human placental lactogen
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Hormone secreted by the placenta partially responsible for diabetogenic state of pregnancy (increased peripheral resistance to the action of insulin).
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Hegar's sign
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Uterus and cervix fell like seperate organs during physical exam. This is due to a softening of the cervical isthmus. It is an indication of pregnancy in women and usually present during second and third months of pregnancy from the fourth to sixth week.
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Chadwick's sign
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A bluish discoloration of the cervix, vagina, and labia caused by the hormone estrogen which results in venous congestion.
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